Objective To investigate the potential of serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) concentrations to predict the chance of chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis(CHB) developing into cirrhosis.Methods The clinical data on 107 patients with chronic hepatitis B who were treated in the Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force between January and December 2018 was collected. According to the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2015 edition), these patients (the experimental group) were divided into the chronic hepatitis B group (59 cases) and cirrhosis group (48 cases) with reference to their clinical manifestations, imaging and laboratory examinations. Meanwhile, 133 CHB patients (the validation group) treated at Tianjin Second People’s Hospital between August and November 2018 were selected and divided into the chronic hepatitis B group (97 cases) and cirrhosis group (36 cases). The demographic data and laboratory data of all these patients were collected, and the serum GP73 concentrations were detected by ELISA, and the GPR score of the non-invasive serological diagnostic method was calculated. The normally-distributed measurement data was compared via t-test, while chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the data between groups. Abnormal distribution was represented by the quartile range, and Mann Whitney U test was used to make a comparison between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between serum GP73concentrations and liver inflammation, while Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum GP73 concentrations and liver cirrhosis. The ROC curve was established to calculate the cut-off value of serum GP73 in the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis.Results The age(P₁=0.012,P₂=0.000), total bilirubin(P₁=0.015,P₂=0.000),alkaline phosphatase(P₁=0.013,P₂=0.000), platelet count (P₁=0.012,P₂=0.001), liver stiffness measurement(LSM) (P₁=0.000,P₂=0.000), GPR(P₁=0.000,P₂=0.000), GP73(P₁=0.000,P₂=0.026)of the two cirrhosis groups were significantly above those of the two hepatitis B groups, and the difference was statistically significant.GP73 concentrations were correlated with alanine aminotransferase (P₁=0.012,P₂=0.010), glutamic oxaloacetic aminotransferase (P₁=0.000,P₂=0.000), total bilirubin (P₁=0.000,P₂=0.000), and were closely related to the occurrence of cirrhosis (r₁=0.846, P₁=0.000; r₂=0.591, P₂=0.000). the ROC curve showed that the areas under the curve of three non-invasive indicators were LSM(AUC₁=0.844,AUC₂=0.730),GPR(AUC₁=0.922,AUC₂=0.724) and GP73 (AUC₁=0.991,AUC₂=0.870), respectively. GP73 had the highest diagnostic value.Conclusions The concentration of GP73 in serum is closely related to the severity of chronic hepatitis B, which is of clinical value.