Risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic liver diseases
ZHANG Chun1, XIE Dan2, Mi Zhongyou1, SONG Zongtao3, GONG Biyan4
1. Department of Emergency Medicine, 2. Department of Health and Epidemic Prevention, 4. Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Municipal Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force,Chongqing 400061,China; 3. Department of Emergency Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038,China
Abstract：Objective To explore the independent risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with liver diseases. Methods Sixty-four patients with HE who visited our hospital between 2014 and 2019 were enrolled in this study. These patients were divided into two groups: the male group (n=51) and female group(n=13). The clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups so as to find the difference between the two genders. The first definitive diagnosis of hepatitis or cirrhosis was taken as the starting point and the first attack of HE as the end point. Possible independent risk factors for HE were explored based on univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that age (OR: 1.066, P<0.0001), cirrhosis (7.979, P< 0.0001), hepatitis B virus infection and treatment (5.838, P<0.0001), splenomegaly (2.722, P= 0.003), esophagogastric varices (EGV, 1.986, P= 0.024) and ALT level (2.940, P<0.0001) were independent risk factors for HE. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year incidence of HE was 14.06%, 34.38%, 42.19% and 85.94%, respectively. Conclusions Male HE patients have more of a pathological basis of cirrhosis and higher serum total bilirubin levels than female ones during the early stage. Age, cirrhosis, hepatitis B virus infection and anti-virus treatment, splenomegaly, EVG and serum ALT levels are potential clinical indicators for predicting HE attack in patients with liver diseases.
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2021, Vol. 32 
