Frankel T, Lanfranca M P, Zou W. The role of tumor microenvironment in cancer immunotherapy [J]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2017, 1036(4): 51-64.
[2]
Andrews L P, Yano H, Vignali D. Inhibitory receptors and ligands beyond PD-1, PD-L1 andCTLA-4: breakthroughs or backups[J]. Nature Immunol, 2019, 20(11):1425-1434.
[3]
Yu X, Harden K, Gonzalez L C, et al. The surface protein TIGIT suppresses T cell activation by promoting the generation of mature immunoregulatory dendritic cells [J]. Nat Immunol,2009, 10(1): 48-57.
Lee D J. The relationship between TIGIT regulatory T cells and autoimmune disease [J].Int Immunopharmacol, 2020, 83: 106378.
[6]
Blake S J, Stannard K, Liu J, et al. Suppression of metastases using a new lymphocyte checkpoint target for cancer immunotherapy [J]. Cancer Discov, 2016, 6(4): 446-459.
[7]
Fourcade J, Sun Z, Chauvin J M, et al. CD226 opposes TIGIT to disrupt Tregs in melanoma[J]. JCI Insight, 2018, 3(14): e121157.
[8]
Myers J A, Miller J S. Exploring the NK cell platform for cancer immunotherapy [J]. NatRev Clin Oncol, 2021, 18(2): 85-100.
[9]
Sarhan D, Cichocki F, Zhang B, et al. Adaptive NK cells with low TIGIT expression are inherently resistant to myeloid-derived suppressor cells [J]. Cancer Res, 2016, 76(19): 5696-5706.
[10]
Liu S,Zhang H,Li M,et al.Recruitment of Grb2 and SHIP1 by the ITT-like motif of TIGIT suppresses granule polarization and cytotoxicity of NK cells[J].Cell Death Differ,2013, 20(3): 456-464.
[11]
Li M, Xia P, Du Y, et al. T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) receptor/poliovirus receptor (PVR) ligand engagement suppresses interferon-γ production of natural killer cells via β-arrestin 2-mediated negative signaling [J]. Biol Chem, 2014, 289(25): 17647-17657.
[12]
Yeo J, Ko M, Lee D H, et al. TIGIT/CD226 axis regulates anti-tumor immunity [J].Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2021, 14(3): 200.
[13]
Jin H S, Park Y. Hitting the complexity of the TIGIT-CD96-CD112R-CD226 axis for next-generation cancer immunotherapy [J]. BMB Rep, 2021, 54(1): 2-11.
[14]
Zhou X M, Li W Q, Wu Y H, et al. Intrinsic expression of immune checkpoint molecule TIGIT could help tumor growth in vivo by suppressing the function of NK and CD8+ T cells [J]. Front Immunol, 2018, 9: 2821.
[15]
Wu L, Mao L, Liu J F, et al. Blockade of TIGIT/CD155 signaling reverses T-cell exhaustion and enhances antitumor capability in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [J]. Cancer Immunol Res, 2019, 7(10):1700-1713.
[16]
Minnie S A, Kuns R D, Gartlan K H, et al. Myeloma escape after stem cell transplantation is a consequence of T-cell exhaustion and is prevented by TIGIT blockade [J]. Blood, 2018, 132(16): 1675-1688.
[17]
Dixon K O, Schorer M, Nevin J, et al. Functional anti-TIGIT antibodies regulate development of autoimmunity and antitumor immunity [J]. Immunol, 2018, 200(8): 3000-3007.
[18]
Raphael I, Kumar R, McCarl L H, et al. TIGIT and PD-1 immune checkpoint pathways are associated with patient qutcome and anti-tumor immunity in glioblastoma [J]. Front Immunol, 2021, 12: 637146.
[19]
Liu G, Zhang Q, Yang J, et al. Increased TIGIT expressing NK cells with dysfunctional phenotype in AML patients correlated with poor prognosis [J]. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2022, 71(2): 277-287.
[20]
Xu D, Zhao E, Zhu C, et al. TIGIT and PD-1 may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer [J]. Immunobiology, 2020, 225(3):151915.
[21]
Comito F, Pagani R, Grilli G, et al. Emerging novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of advanced cutaneous melanoma [J]. Cancers (Basel), 2022, 14(2): 271.
[22]
Liu X, Li M, Wang X, et al. PD-1+ TIGIT+ CD8+ T cells are associated with pathogenesisand progression of patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2019, 68(12): 2041-2054.
[23]
Chen X, Song X, Li K, et al. FcγR-Binding is an important functional attribute for immune checkpoint antibodies in cancer immunotherapy [J]. Front Immunol, 2019, 10: 292.
[24]
Chen X, Xue L, Ding X, et al. An Fc-Competent anti-human TIGIT blocking antibody ociperlimab (BGB-A1217) elicits strong immune responses and potent anti-tumor efficacy in pre-clinical models [J]. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 828319.
[25]
Zuo S, Wei M, Xu T, et al. An engineered oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding a single-chain variable fragment against TIGIT induces effective antitumor immunity and synergizes with PD-1 or LAG-3 blockade [J]. Immunother Cancer, 2021, 9(12): e002843.
[26]
Cho B C, Abreu D R, Hussein M, et al. Tiragolumab plus atezolizumab versus placebo plusatezolizumab as a first-line treatment for PD-L1-selected non-small-cell lung cancer (CITYSCAPE): primary and follow-up analyses of a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study [J]. Lancet Oncol, 2022, 23(6): 781-792.
[27]
Thibaudin M, Limagne E, Hampe L, et al. Targeting PD-L1 and TIGIT could restore intratumoral CD8 T cell function in human colorectal cancer [J]. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2022, 10: 1007.
[28]
Niu J, Maurice-Dror C, Lee D H, et al. First-in-human phase 1 study of the anti-TIGIT antibody vibostolimab as monotherapy or with pembrolizumab for advanced solid tumors, includingnon-small-cell lung cancer [J]. Ann Oncol, 2022, 33(2):169-180.
[29]
Stagg R, Kapoun A M, Faoro L, et al. A phase 1a/b open-label, dose-escalation study of etigilimab alone or in combination with nivolumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors [J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 28(5): 882-892.
2023, Vol. 34 
