Abstract：Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of soluble human matrix metalloproteinase-2 (sST2) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periimplant mucositis. Methods A total of 97 patients with periimplant mucositis from June 2022 to June 2024 in the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital were selected as the observation group, Another 97 healthy natural tooth gingival volunteers were selected as the natural tooth control group, and 97 healthy peri implantitis gingival volunteers were selected as the implant control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the expression levels of sST2 and FGF21 in gingival crevicular fluid of two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the factors affecting poor prognosis in patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive ability of sST2 and FGF21 levels for poor prognosis. Results Compared with the natural tooth control group and the implant control group, the expression levels of sST2 and FGF21 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients in the observation group were increased (P<0.05). The expression levels of sST2 and FGF21 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with poor prognosis were higher than those of patients with good prognosis (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that gingival bleeding index, probing depth, gingival crevicular fluid volume, sST2, and FGF21 were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with periimplant mucositis (P<0.05). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting poor prognosis in patients with periimplant mucositis by combining sST2 and FGF21 in gingival crevicular fluid was 0.920, which was obviously larger than that predicted by sST2 alone (Z=2.046, P=0.041) and FGF21 alone (Z=2.407, P=0.016). Conclusion The levels of sST2 and FGF21 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periimplant mucositis are elevated, and the combination of the two has a high predictive power for prognosis.
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2024, Vol. 35 
