Salata C, Calistri A, Parolin C, et al. Coronaviruses: a paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases[J]. Pathog Dis. 2020 Feb 17. pii: ftaa006. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftaa006.[Epub ahead of print].
[2]
Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020, doi: 10.1056/ NEJMoa2001017.[Epub ahead of print].
Klein W, Pieter T. The hidden history of a famous drug: tracing the medical and public acculturation of peruvian bark in early modern Western Europe (c. 1650-1720)[J]. J Hist Med Allied Sci, 2016, 71: 400-421.
[5]
Earle D. Presidential address: a history of malaria and its ironies [J]. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc, 1979, 90: 1-26.
[6]
Harrison N. In celebration of the Jesuit’s powder: a history of malaria treatment [J]. Lancet, 2015, 15: 1143.
[7]
Gachelin G, Garner P, Ferroni E, et al. Evaluating Cinchona bark and quinine for treating and prventing malaria [J]. J R Soc Med, 2017, 110(1) 31-40.
[8]
Brabin B. Malaria’s contribution to World War One-the unexpected adversary [J]. Malar J, 2014, 13, 497.
[9]
Slater A, Cerami A. Inhibition by chloroquine of a novel haem polymerase enzyme activity in malaria trophozoites[J]. Nature,1992, 355: 167-169.
[10]
Olafsona K N, Nguyena T Q , Jeffrey D, et al. Antimalarials inhibit hematin crystallization by unique drug-surface site interactions[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2017, 114: 7531-7536.
[11]
Ramanna M, Nasarwanji H, Choksy (1861-1939). A pioneer of controlled clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation, 2014. www.jameslindlibrary.org/articles/nasarwanji-hormusji-choksy-1861-1939-a-pio-neer-of-controlled-clinical-trials/ (last checked 13 November 2016).
[12]
Liles N W, Page E E,. Liles A L, et al . Diversity and severity of adverse reactions to quinine: a systematic review[J]. Am J Hematol, 2016, 91: 461-466.
[13]
Reva C L, David T F, Charles G H,et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States: Part I[J]. Arthritis Rheum, 2007, 58:15-25.
[14]
Marks J. S. Motor polyneuroapthy and nystagmus associated with chloroquine phosphate[J]. Postgrad Med J, 1979, 55(646): 569.
[15]
Durcan L, Petri M. Immunomodulators in SLE: clinical evidence and immunologic actions[J]. J Autoimmun, 2016,74: 73-84.
[16]
Julie B, Nathalie C C, Adey B. Effect of in utero hydroxychloroquine exposure on the development of cutaneous neonatal lupus erythematosus [J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 77(12): 1742-1749.
[17]
Graciela S A, Gerald M, Ana M, et al Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L) [J]. Ann Rheum Dis, 2007, 66(9): 1168-1172.
[18]
Kroese S, Hair J. Hydroxychloroquine Use in Lupus patients during pregnancy is associated with longer pregnancy duration in preterm births [J]. J Immunol Res, 2017, 2017: 2810202.
[19]
Jacob H R, Wu Xiao-Xuan. Hydroxychloroquine directly reduces the binding of antiphospholipid antibody-β2-glycoprotein-I complexes to phospholipid bilayers [J]. Blood, 2008, 112(5): 1687-1695.
[20]
O’Dell J R, Mikuls T R, Taylor T H, et al. Therapies for active rheumatoid arthritis after methotrexate failure[J]. N Engl J Med, 2013, 369(4): 307-318.
[21]
WANG S Q, ZHANG L W, WEI P. Is hydroxychloroquine effective in treating primary Sjogren’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2017, 18: 186.
[22]
Fazlollah K. Fungistatic effect of hydroxychloroquine, lessons from a case [J]. Med Mycol Case Rep, 2016, 13: 17-18.
[23]
Marcos C B,Luiza A, Castro B, et al. Chloroquine use improves dengue-related symptoms[J]. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 2013, 108(5): 596-599.
[24]
Andrea S, Iart L S. Chloroquine and beyond: exploring anti-rheumatic drugs to reduce immune hyperactivation in HIV/AIDS [J]. Retrovirology, 2015, 12: 51.
[25]
Helal G K, Gad M A, Abd-Ellah M F, et al. Hydroxychloroquine augments early virological response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in genotype-4 chronic hepatitis C patients[J]. J Med Virol,2016,88:2170-2178.
[26]
Solomon D H, Garg R, LIU B, et al. The effect of hydroxychloroquine on insulin sensitivity and lipid parameters in non-diabetic patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized blinded cross-over trial arthritis [J]. Care Res (Hoboken), 2015, 66(8): 1246-1251.
[27]
Arielle U, Nicholas T, Cristina S, et al. Inflammation beyond the joints:rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease[J]. J Cardiol,2018,2(3):1000019.
[28]
Jose F R, Inmaculada R, Emily M, et al.Use of hydroxychloroquine is associated with improved lipid profile in rheumatoid arthritis patients[J]. J Clin Rheumatol, 2017, 23(3): 144-148.
[29]
Li X F, Burton E M, Bhaduri-McIntosh S, et al . Chloroquine triggers Epstein-Barr virus replication through phosphorylation of KAP1/TRIM28 in Burkitt lymphoma cells [J]. PLoS Pathog, 2017, 13(3): e1006249.
[30]
Jia Lihua, Wang Juan, Wu Tong. In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of chloroquine on oral squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Mol Med Rep, 2017, 16(5): 5779-5786.
Chen Degao, Xie Jing, Roland F, et al. Chloroquine modulates antitumor immune response by resetting tumor-associated macrophages toward M1 phenotype [J]. Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 873.
[33]
Melisa N, Taylor S B, Paul E, et al. Are long-term chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine users being checked regularly for toxic maculopathy?[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2014,132(10): 1199-1208.
[34]
Martin J V, Bergeron E, Suzanne B, et al. Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread[J]. Virol J, 2005, 2: 69.
[35]
Rodrigo D, Luiza M. H, Paula P. et al. Chloroquine, an endocytosis blocking agent, inhibits Zika Virus infection in different cell models[J]. Viruses,2016, 8(12): 322.
[36]
De Wilde A H, Jochmans D, Posthuma C C, et al. Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture[J]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2014, 58(8):4875-4884.
[37]
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China [J]. Lancet, 2020, 6736(20): 30183-30185.
[38]
Steinbuch Y. Chinese baby tests positive for Coronavirus 30 hours after birth[N/OL]. (ac-cessed on 9 February 2020),Available online: https://nypost.com/2020/02/05/chinese-baby-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-30-hours-after-birth/.
[39]
Gillespie T. Coronavirus: doctors fear pregnant women can pass on illness after newborn baby is diagnosed[N/OL]. (accessed on 8 February 2020), Available online: https://news.sky.com/story/coronavirus-doctors-fear-pregnant-women-can-pass-on-illness-after-newborn-baby-is-diagnosed-11926968.
2020, Vol. 31 
