Abstract：Objective To investigate the characteristics of intestinal microbiome in maintenance hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Methods Fecal samples from 22 maintenance hemodialysis patients with stable ESRD and 22 healthy controls were collected. DNA was extracted from the samples and the bacterial composition was analyzed based on 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing.Results (1)The microbial biomass and species diversity of group A were smaller than those of group B. Only the group aged 18 to 44 had significant difference in species diversity (P<0.05). (2)There were 2, 4, 9, 29 and 28 species with significant difference in relative abundance between the two groups at the classification levels of class, order, family, genus and species (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Negatibicutes and Coprococcus-3 in group A was lower than that of group B, but the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichia was higher in group A. (3)The difference analysis of KEGG metabolic pathways suggested that three metabolic pathways of KEGG between the two groups were significantly different (P<0.05). It was speculated that the genes related to carbohydrate metabolism pathways were significantly enriched in fecal samples of group B, while the genes related to cell motility and drug resistance pathways were significantly enriched in group A.Conclusions There is difference in microbial community diversity, relative abundance and related gene metabolic pathways predicted by KEGG function in ESRD maintenance hemodialysis patients compared to the healthy control group.
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