Abstract：Objective To investigate the effect of age and gender on blood pressure (BP) rhythm of patients with essential hypertension based on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure.Methods 312 patients with essential hypertension were analyzed by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).They were divided into four groups according to age: the <40-year-old group, 40-49-year-old group, 50-59-year-old group and the ≥60--year-old group. The influence of age and gender on the characteristics of blood pressure rhythm and morning hypertension was studied.Results The incidence of dippers, non-dippers, reverse dippers and ultra-dippers was 45.19%, 41.35%,7.37% and 6.09%, respectively. The proportion of dippers in the youngest group (65%) was the highest while reverse dippers were prevalent(18.92%) in the elderly group.Gender had no significant effect on blood pressure type. Only reverse dippers were more common in the female group than in the male group(P<0.01).Cases of morning hypertension accounted for 96.5%.Age had no effect on the incidence of morning hypertension, but there was significant difference between the male group(98.6%) and the female group (92.4%)in this regard.Conclusions Elderly patients with abnormal circadian rhythm outnumber younger patients. Male patients are more prone to morning hypertension. More attention should be paid to abnormal circadian rhythm, especially to morning hypertension, in order to individualize antihypertensive treatments.
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2017, Vol. 28 
