Abstract：Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of pleural effusion with viral hepatitis without cirrhosis. Methods The clinical data of patients with viral hepatitis combined with pleura effusion treated in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between January 2003 and March 2018 was retrospectively analyzed, involving vital signs, biochemical and microbiological examination of blood, chest imaging examination, biochemical, routine and microbiological examination of pleural effusion and pathological examination results from some patients undergoing thoracoscopy. Results A total of 132 cases of viral hepatitis with pleural effusion were selected. After the exclusion of cases of pleural effusion associated with heart, lung, and kidney diseases, or with liver cirrhosis, tuberculosis, tumour and rheumatoid, there were only 6 cases of viral hepatitis complicated with pleural effusion. The pleural effusion was exudates that were unilateral or bilateral and in small to medium quantities. Two cases underwent thoracoscopy that showed fibrous exudation of the parietal pleura, local congestion and a small amount of adhesion. Histology showed proliferation of fibrocytes and fibroblasts, and fibrous exudation and necrosis. There were scattered lymphocyte infiltrates and large tracts of fresh and old bleeding. Conclusions Viral hepatitis without cirrhosis and hypoproteinemia can also cause pleural effusion. After treatment of viral hepatitis, pleural effusion can be absorbed or improved.
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