Abstract：Objective To analyze the incidence, influencing factors and prognosis of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity in a military hospital, and to provide reference for the individualized prevention and treatment of frailty. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to treat 150 hospitalized geriatric patients in Beijing Municipal Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from January 2021 to January 2023 as study objects. The patients were divided into two groups according to the Frail scale score, 57 in non-frail (pre-frail and non-frail) group and 93 in frail group. Basic data such as age, comorbidity type, nutritional status, body mass index (BMI), medication type, ability of daily living score, cognitive function, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) of the two groups were collected, and statistically significant indicators were incorporated into logistic regression equation to analyze the risk factors of frailty in elderly comorbidity patients. All patients were followed up until December 2023, and the incidence of falls, disability, readmission, and death were recorded. Results The proportions of elderly patients (≥80 years old), nutritional risk, comorbidity ≥9, severe CCI grade, medication ≥5 in the frailty group were 49.46%, 65.59%, 43.01%, 84.95%, 69.89%, respectively, which were higher than 8.77%, 28.07%, 0.00%, 26.32%, 33.33% in the non-frailty group. The proportion of patients with diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and stroke in the frail group was 84.95%, 40.86% and 38.71%, respectively, which were higher than those in the non-frail group (59.65%, 21.05% and 19.30%); the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥80 years old, nutritional risk, number of comorbidities ≥9, severe CCI grading, and combined stroke were risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with multiple diseases (P<0.05). Follow-up to December 2023, the average follow-up of the non-frail group was (21.7±2.8) months, and the average follow-up of the frail group was (20.9±2.6) months. The incidence of falls, disability, death and other adverse prognosis in the frail group was 23.66%, which was higher than that in the non-frail group (5.26%). The readmission rate of the frail group was 72.04%, which was higher than that of the non-frail group (28.07%); the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity in the military hospital is high, and frailty will lead to poor prognosis of patients. Advanced age, nutritional risk, number of comorbidities, severe CCI grading, and combined stroke are risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity.
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CAO Tiantian, ZHANG Lin, ZHAI Li. Study on the incidence, influencing factors and prognosis of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity in a military hospital. Med. J. Chin. Peop. Armed Poli. Forc., 2024, 35(11): 971-975.
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