Abstract: Approaching to original innovation methodology of Nobel Prize winners is the hot issues in China. Based on the authoritative sources of typical representative in original innovation - Nobel Prize winners and academicians of the Chinese Academy, this study uses Structural Equation Model and Evidence Reasoning to discuss the original innovative methods and techniques from the perspective of subject areas. Results show that the original innovation techniques in the field of physics can be divided into three categories: the theory ,method and trial means in its subject (physics), and in mature disciplines, such as chemistry and biology, as well as the tool disciplines- mathematics, computer science, philosophy and so on. Besides, we can conclude that different categories are different in significance level. In order to explore the causes of the weak original innovation ability in our country, the paper also analyzes the difference in original innovation techniques between the Nobel Prize winners and the academicians.

Key words: original innovation, innovation technique

摘要： 诺贝尔奖获奖者的创新方法论途径是我国原始性创新研究的热点问题。本研究基于原始性创新的典型代表——诺贝尔奖获奖者与我国两院院士的权威资料，运用结构方程分析和证据推理方法从学科领域探讨了原始性创新的方法和技巧。结果表明，物理学领域原始性创新技法可以分为本学科（物理学）的理论、方法和试验手段、成熟学科（如化学、生物）的理论、方法和试验手段，以及科学方法和工具类学科（如数学、计算机科学、哲学）的理论和方法三大类方法论途径，并且各类方法途径的显著程度不同。研究还分析了诺贝尔奖获奖者与我国两院院士在创新技法上的特点，旨在探究我国原始性创新能力不强的方法论途径。

关键词: 原始性创新, 创新技法