Abstract: Citation analysis indicators used as indicators to evaluate personal academic contribution, the evaluative reliability is low. Taking the “Paradox” case of the world’s most cited scholar, American biochemist, Oliver Howe Lowry did not get the Nobel Prize, based on citation normative theory, the analysis shows that the total citation frequency and academic contribution are not equal, different types of quotations has different contribution to the citing articles, the differentiation of formalistic, procedural and substantial quotation can improve the reliability of citation analysis indicators used to evaluate personal academic contribution.

摘要： 引文分析指标用于个体学术评价的可靠性程度较低。以全世界被引用次数最多的学者、美国生物化学家洛瑞没有获得诺贝尔奖的“悖论”为案例，使用引文规范理论的分析表明：引文分析指标用于个体学术评价，总被引用次数与学术贡献不能等同；不同类型引文对施引文献知识创新的作用程度是有区别的；对形式性引文、程序性引文和实质性引文进行区分，能够提高引文分析指标用于个体学术评价的可靠性。

关键词: 引文分析, 学术评价, 形式性引用, 程序性引用, 实质性引用, citation analysis, academic evaluation, formalistic citation, procedural citation, substantial citation