Abstract: Metaphor plays an important role in the narrative of synthetic biology. On one hand, metaphor helps people understand the complex disciplinary connotations involved in synthetic biology with figurative language and schema. On the other hand, due to the characteristics of metaphor, it is easy to cause misunderstandings, which in turn affects the public's value judgement on synthetic biology. Based on the interpretations on metaphor theory, this paper analyzes the positive and negative effects of metaphor on the public perception and value judgement on synthetic biology, and points out that it is the gap between the use and interpretation of metaphor that leads to the biased value judgement. It helps people to use metaphor prudently in the propagation of science and technology by noticing the dual roles of metaphor in the narrative of synthetic biology.

摘要： 在合成生物学的叙事中，隐喻扮演着重要的角色。一方面，隐喻以形象的语言和图式帮助公众理解合成生物学所涉及的复杂的学科内涵；另一方面，由于隐喻的特征，易于引起人们的误读、误解，进而影响公众对合成生物学的价值判断。文章借助对隐喻理论的解读，分析隐喻在合成生物学的公众认知和价值判断方面带来的积极和消极影响，指出在合成生物学隐喻的使用及其诠释之间存在的间距，是造成人的价值判断偏颇的主要原因。认识到隐喻在合成生物学叙事中发挥的双重作用，可以帮助人们在科技传播中谨慎地使用隐喻。