Studies in Science of Science ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1656-1665.

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FsQCA Analysis of Domain Differences of Scientific and Technological Talents’ External Growth Environment

  

  • Received:2023-03-20 Revised:2023-06-09 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-08-15

两类科技人才成长环境差异性的模糊组态分析

汤超颖1,2,徐家冰3,毛适博4   

  1. 1. 中国科学院大学 经济与管理学院
    2. 中国科学院大学 数字经济监测预测预警与政策仿真教育部哲学社会科学实验室(培育)
    3. 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院
    4.
  • 通讯作者: 汤超颖
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目;国家自然科学基金项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项

Abstract: The growth of scientific and technological talents requires a combination of external factors, and there are differences in the nature of work between basic research and technological development, which may lead to differences in the external growth situation of scientific and technological talents. Understanding these differences can help in the management and policy formulation of scientific and technological talents. The study collected data on external growth factors from 115 scientific and technological talents and 48 ordinary researchers engaged in basic research and technology development at 30 research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. We adopt fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, an analysis method designed for configuration thinking, which revealed that the growth of scientific and technological talents engaged in basic research was heavily dependent on "famous mentor and excellent apprentices" and that only a small number of such talents came from non-high-level undergraduate universities become talents after studying abroad or directing research projects. Conversely, science and technology talents engaged in technology development mainly grew through research project experience and required higher levels of undergraduate education. Notably, team size did not play a significant role or had a negative effect on the growth of both types of technological talent. Finally, the relevant theoretical contributions and management suggestions are discussed.

摘要: 科技人才成长所需的外部情境是由多种外部因素组合形成,基础研究工作与技术开发工作存在性质差异,两类科技人才成长所对应的外部情境由此可能具有差异性,明确两类人才成长的外部情境差异将有助于科技人才成长管理和政策制定。采用模糊组态分析了来自中国科学院30个研究所从事基础研究与技术开发的共115名科技人才和48名普通科研人员的外部成长要素数据,发现从事基础研究工作的科技人才成长强调“名师高徒”,只有少量基础研究人才来自非高层次本科高校并经出国学习或项目历练得以成才;从事技术开发工作的科技人才主要通过科研项目历练得以成长,他们的成长对本科高校层次也有较高要求。值得注意的是,在两类科技人才成长情境中,团队规模不起作用或起负向作用。最后,讨论了相关理论贡献与管理启示。

关键词: 科技人才, 人才成长, 基础研究, 技术开发