Abstract: Science and technology ethics is a value criterion and code of conduct, which must be complied in activities of scientific research and technological development. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to improve the system of scientific and technological innovation. Strengthening the governance of science and technology ethics is an important way to achieve this goal. It is important for sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening to strengthen the ethical governance of science and technology. The ethical governance of science and technology in China faces challenges and situations such as enhancing international competitiveness in science and technology, strengthening ethical regulation in emerging technology fields, and balancing scientific and technological innovation with ethical regulation in a reasonable manner. The paper analyzes the following issues exist in the current ethical governance of science and technology in China, that is, policies and regulatory mechanisms are incomplete, ethical review standardization and talents are lacking, scientific and research person and the public and news media are lack of guidance. Finally, the strategies and proposals to strengthen ethical governance of science and technology are advanced. The strategies and proposals can provide some references for formulation of a science-technology ethical governance system which is suitable for Chinese characteristics.

摘要： 科技伦理是开展科学研究、技术开发等科技活动需要遵循的价值理念和行为规范。党的二十大报告提出要完善科技创新体系，加强科技伦理治理是完善科技创新体系的重要内容，也是中国实现高水平科技自立自强的重要方面。中国科技伦理治理面临增强国际科技竞争力、加强新兴科技领域伦理监管、合理平衡科技创新与伦理监管等形势和挑战，通过分析科技伦理治理存在的制度待完善、监管待健全、伦理审查待规范、各类专业支撑人才不足、科技工作者伦理意识待提高、公众和新闻媒体参与伦理治理有待加强等问题，提出加强中国科技伦理治理的对策建议，为中国特色科技伦理治理体系构建提供借鉴。