Abstract: Science and technology ethics is the steering wheel to guide science and technology for social good. The United States focusing on the participation of multiple stakeholders, emphasizing the collaborative governance of the government, universities and research institutes, enterprises, media and the public, and forming a sound system of science and technology ethical governance. The mechanism of multi-subject participation in science and technology ethical governance has achieved a good effect in the development and application of transgenic technology in the United States, which also presents some deficiencies and risks. By distinguished referring to the multi-subject participation mode of American science and technology ethical governance, combining with China's national conditions, and from the aspect of concept, system and countermeasure to optimize, in order to provide strong support for improving the system and mechanism of Chinese science and technology ethical governance.

摘要： 科技伦理是引导科技向善的方向盘。美国在科技伦理治理方面注重多元利益主体的参与，强调政府、高校及科研院所、企业、媒体和公众的协同共治，形成了良好的科技伦理治理体系。这种多元主体参与的科技伦理治理机制在美国转基因技术的发展与应用方面取得了较好的科技伦理治理效果，也呈现了一些不足与风险。通过有辨别地借鉴美国科技伦理治理中的多元主体参与方式，结合中国国情，从理念、制度和对策层面加以优化，以期为健全中国科技伦理治理的体制机制提供有力支撑。