Abstract: This study investigates how academic-industry collaboration experiences influence scientists' generation of outlier innovations. By analyzing patent data from 1993 to 2018 in China and employing a panel negative binomial random effects regression model, this research examines the impact of academic-industry collaboration on scientists' production of outlier innovations and its boundary conditions. The results indicate that academic-industry collaboration experiences significantly enhance the likelihood of scientists discovering outlier innovations, possibly because such collaboration improves scientists' understanding of industry goals and thinking patterns while also stimulating their attention to the commercialization of research outcomes. Furthermore, scientists' organizational search resources, such as individual innovation experience and collaboration networks, moderate the effect of academic-industry collaboration experiences on the possibility of outlier innovation’s origination. Specifically, the wider the scientists' breadth of innovation experience, the weaker the positive impact of academic-industry collaboration experiences; similarly, the larger the number of indirect collaborators within the organization, the weaker the positive influence of academic-industry collaboration. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the role of scientists in the innovation ecosystem and offers managerial implications for facilitating the transformation of scientific research into technological innovation.

摘要： 本研究探讨了产学合作经历如何影响科学家离群创新的产生。通过分析1993至2018年间中国专利数据，本研究采用面板负二项随机效应回归模型，考察了产学合作对科学家离群创新的作用及其边界条件。研究结果表明，产学合作经历显著提高了科学家发现离群创新的概率，这可能是因为产学合作增强了科学家对产业目标和思维模式的理解，同时激发了他们对科研成果商业化的关注。此外，科学家的组织内搜索资源，如个人创新经验和合作网络，调节了产学合作经历对科学家发现离群创新可能性的影响。具体而言，科学家的创新经验宽度越高，产学合作经历的正面影响越弱；而组织内间接合作者数量越多，产学合作的正面影响同样被削弱。本研究为理解科学家在创新生态系统中的角色提供了新的视角，并为促进科学成果转化为技术创新提供了管理启示。