The development of Science of Science in China is synchronous with the opening up reform and the spring of science from 1978. At the beginning of Tsien Hsueshen's advocacy of building Science of Science in China, it has experienced the rising, disciplinization and institutionalization during the first ten years; then the research has extended to the field of technology innovation during the second ten years; then, it has experienced the rejuvenation with many emerging subjects, especially on the knowledge-based economy during the third ten years; In the last ten years, science has returned to its own method research, and highlight the scientometrics and its combination with information visualization. The 40 years story reveals that the Science of Science in China follows the spiral development model from top to bottom, from practice to theory, from theory to method, and from method to practice again. With the increasing strategic status of science and technology and the increasing development of information technology, the Science of Science in China is beginning a new round of rising period, another spring of the Science of Science.
Based on the study of the sources of thought and conception of boundary organization, this paper summarizes characteristics of various existing boundary organizations, and put forwards an expanded definition and an analytical framework of boundary organizations between science and policy and made a case study.
Bearing of liability is the foothold of dealing with research misconduct. The international journal stipulates that the person liable for misconduct shall bear the collective liability with joint nature, and our country's legislation takes proportional liability, the two bearing modes have their own edges. The liability of research misconduct is a system, but more attention should be paid to administrative liability, and give consideration to civil liability. The doctrine of liability fixation relies on the liability quality. According to the study results, liability mechanisms have constructed from the circumstances of external liability and internal liability.
Promoting technology commercialization is an important task to implement the innovation-driven strategy, and the key link of strengthening the close combination of science &technology and economy. As an important force of scientific and technological innovations, how system-transformed research institutes accelerate technology commercialization is a problem to be solved urgently nowadays. Based on this, this paper takes Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research which is a model of system-transformed research institutes as an example, deeply explores the internal mechanism of system-transformed research institutes accelerating technology commercialization, analyzes five key elements of accelerating technology commercialization, and puts forward corresponding theoretical propositions. This paper expands the research on research institutes’ technology commercialization, and has distinctive practical guidance significances for system-transformed research institutes’ practice in technology commercialization and science & technology innovation and entrepreneurship.
Strategic emerging industries are the future pillar industries with high development potential，strong economic impetus and intensive technical knowledge. The triple helix model is one of the most commonly used models for the study of transfer of scientific and technological achievements. However, the application of the traditional triple helix model has limited in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in strategic emerging industries. This paper takes CAS Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter as an example, analyzes the mode of performance of the triple helix model in practical application.Then we put forward a new triple helix model to meet the needs of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in strategic emerging industries and provide recommendations.
This paper first constructs a theoretical framework that green R&D investment influences "Made in China" upgrade from the perspective of the global value chains specialization.On the basis of this, the author builds the index system of "China Manufacturing" upgrade from the three aspects of the height of industry, the carbon productivity of export sector and the technological content of export products, and then use 30 provincial sample data to test the effect of green R&D investment on the "Made in China" upgrade. The result of empirical test shows that: (1) "China-made" upgrade level in the year 2002 to 2015 shows "V" type trend，descending first and then slowly rising, and descends in the order of the eastern region, the central region and the western region . (2) On average, there is a U-type relationship between green R&D investment and the level of "Made in China" upgrade, which means the initial weaker intensity of green R&D investment weakens the level of upgrading of "Made in China", however, with the increase of intensity of green R&D investment, the level of upgrading of "Made in China" increases.There are some differences of the impact of green R&D Investment on the level of "Made in China" Upgrading in different economic zones, different human capital regions, and different intellectual property protection regions. (3)The embedding degree of global value chain and capital intensity have a significant promotion effect on the "Made in China" upgrade, and the effect of marketization on the "Made in China" upgrade is not obvious.
Based on the non-linear perspective, the time-dependent parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model is used to demonstrate the interaction between informal finance, technological innovation and industrial upgrading since 1985 and time dimension analysis. The empirical results show that the short-term and long-term differences in the impact of informal finance and technological progress on the upgrading of industrial structure are short-term and long-term differences, that is, the short-term effect of technological innovation is significantly longer than that of long-term, while the long-term effect of informal finance is significantly shorter than that of short- Formal finance and technological progress have positive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure. Whether it is short-term or long-term, the upgrading of industrial structure is sensitive to the innovation of non-formal finance. The impact of informal finance on technological innovation and industrial upgrading has a cumulative impact The impact of technological innovation on the upgrading of industrial structure for the timely response; the relationship between the three in a different macro-background showing a more similar trend, the impact of different sizes, but since the "fifteen", China's informal finance and technology The impact of innovation on the upgrading of industrial structure has barely been improved. Accordingly, the author stressed that in the "thirteen five" planning period, the Government should fully understand the current stage of technological innovation investment and norms and effectively guide the informal finance to promote technological innovation to increase capital investment and technological innovation to protect the industrial structure The optimization and upgrading of the economy and the steady growth.
Base on a thorough literature review, this paper outlines the connotation and extension of "talents" from historical perspective, disciplinary perspective and policy perspective, and teases measuring standards for high-level talent from the theoretical and practical aspects. This paper considers that the research on high-level talent in China can be summarized into five theoretical perspectives, namely Theory of Personality Trait, Ecosystem Theory, Policy Analysis Perspective, Risk Management Perspective and Spatial Analysis Perspective, and illustrates four characteristics of high-level talent research, i.e., contemporary, political, professional and pluralistic. This paper puts forwards and elaborates four representative analytical methods in high-level talent studies, including Quantitative Research, Curriculum Vitae, Textual-Content Analysis and Spatial Analysis. Based on the overall assessment of the existing literature, this paper analyzes the development trend and future direction of domestic high-level talent research and talent science.
Under the background of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", entrepreneurial performance has become an important issue of academic concern. However, the initial failure rate of entrepreneurship is very high, the research on the factors of re-entrepreneurship and its impact mechanism is relatively lagging behind. Analyzing multiple re-entrepreneurship cases, factors of the re-entrepreneurship performance was extracted. The multi-level hierarchical structure model of the factors of the re-entrepreneurial performance is constructed based on the ISM. The guarantee factor, the key factor and the direct factor of the performance of re-entrepreneurship are clarified. This paper makes up the blank of the systematic research on the re-entrepreneurship performance, which is a supplement for the theory. The study also gives some enlightenments to improve the performance of re-entrepreneurship:(1) support re-entrepreneurship and perfect the corresponding intermediary service system.(2) strengthen the guidance of public opinion, create a "fault tolerant" entrepreneurial atmosphere.(3) for entrepreneurs, it is necessary to have a dream of entrepreneurship and openness.(4) it is very important to manage organizational forgetfulness, and knowledge management ability is of great importance to re-entrepreneurship performance.
Guiding entrepreneurial firm innovation is an important dimension of venture capital governmental guiding fund to play the guiding role. This paper first proposes the hypotheses of incentive effects, cumulative effects, and hysteresis effects based on the market failure theory and resource based theory. Then, it matches the full listing obtained from technology-based firm Innfund website with enterprises listed on National Equities Exchange and Quotations by the year 2016. After that it screens out those which had been sponsored at least once by Innfund investment protection during 2008 to 2014. Using this panel data, the paper adopts fixed effect model and examines guiding funds’ influence on entrepreneurial innovation output. The result shows that firms subsidized by guiding fund have more innovative output than those didn’t get the fund, and the more the investment protection, the more enterprise innovation output. The article also finds that there is a positive U relationship between the firms innovation output and the accumulative guarantee period of the guiding fund and the threshold estimation shows threshold value is five years. The findings provide empirical evidence for policy implications to improve entrepreneurial firm innovation.
By collecting matching sample from the PEdata Database and using the negative binomial model, the impact of equity participation of China’s Government Venture Capital Guiding Funds (GVCGFs) on enterprise innovation is investigated in this paper from two theoretical perspective of tolerance for failure and incentive. The main results are summed up as follows: (1) GVCGFs participated venture capital (VC) funds are more efficient in promoting enterprise innovation than private VC funds if they provide the private capital with the loss-related compensation, while they show no significant difference with private VC funds if they provide with the revenue compensation, the fixed-revenue compensation, the revenue compensation plus fixed-revenue compensation, or take the market-oriented operation. (2) If GVCGFs participated VC funds are managed by low-reputation VC firms, or invest in high-tech enterprises, the innovation promoting effect of loss-related compensation is more significant. The above results support the hypothesis of tolerance for failure, indicating that the key for GVCGFs to promoting enterprise innovation is to improve the venture capitalist tolerance for failure with the loss compensation.
For makerspace, building internal and external social relationship networks and cultivating and utilizing social capital are effective ways to operate efficiently and realize goals. In the context of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, this paper studies the formation and influential mechanism of makerspace’s social capital. Study shows that community autonomy and maker network community affect the formation of internal and external social capital of makerspace. Social capital of makerspace can be divided into structural, relational and cognitive dimensions. In the form of strong and weak ties, reciprocity norms and trust, as well as common values and visions, social capital can provide makers with environment of knowledge sharing and resource acquisition to realize technology innovation and social profit. Taking the biggest makerspace in Asia-Beijing Makerspace as an example, this paper analyzes its formation process of social capital and relevant influence on makers’ innovation and entrepreneurship. Aiming at fostering makerspace’s effective operation and maker’s innovation and entrepreneurship, we give suggestions to actors including government, society and makerspaces based on structural, relational and cognitive dimensions of social capital.
Grassroots innovation is the new motivation for China’s economic growth. This paper selects 10 cases of Chinese farmer’s grassroots innovation according to maximum variation sampling, using qualitative rigor inductive methodology based on grounded theory it then analyses how innovations appears under the conditions of resource scarcity and why innovations have a profound influence on the society. The research indicates that farmer makers pursue a triple line when they craft innovation: not only can they create economic and social benefits, but also bring environmental returns. Farmer’s grassroots can also play a key role in the national innovation to promote the societal sustainable development. The conclusions have important implications in terms of policy making and exploring innovation paradigm.
Based on the single case study of process modeling, this paper discusses how traditional manufacturing enterprises can promote mass customization technology innovation by means of digital empowerment. In the project design, order control, and demolition order scheduling production, the study found that: (1) the digital technique respectively improve staff capacity and grant customer power, grant staff power and perfect customer power, motivate employees potential and expand customer power; (2) Empowerment subjects promote the digital ability of analysis ability, connection ability and?intelligence ability successively, respond quickly to changing environments and business needs; (3) The improvement of digital ability helps to achieve personalized the demand for accurate acquisition, the effective transfer, efficiently meet, and then promote the enterprise front-end personalized demand searching and back-end personalized demand implementation, realize mass customization. Finally, the process model of digital empowerment for mass customization is extracted.
Abstract: The studies about the negative influence of KIBS enterprises-client interaction on inter-organizational relationships are relatively fewer. Integrate resource-based view, transaction cost theory and inter-organizational relationships, with 184 KIBS enterprises collaborative innovation survey data, from the perspectives of enterprises-client interaction innovation, discusses the influences of the interactive innovation resource sharing, and task collaboration between organizations on the long term cooperation intention and the trade conflict behavior, and analyzes the moderating roles of contract governance and relationship governance for the relationship between the two. Results indicate that: (1) both resource sharing, task collaboration can promote long-term cooperation intention.(2) the resource sharing, task collaboration can cause the trade conflict behavior in the late of cooperation.(3) the contract governance has a negative moderating effect for the enterprises-client interaction and inter-organizational relationships, but this effect has no significant difference between resource sharing and collaborative task. (4) Relationship governance has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between resource sharing, task collaboration and the long-term cooperation intention, but has no effect for trade conflict behavior.
