The coping and dissolving of the risk of social stability is very important to the implementation of the project. Based on the field investigation and literature research method, taking the process of the two site selection of "Linping water purification plant" project as an example, this paper analyzes the difficulties faced by the first site selection, the details of the second site selection plan, and the strategy to deal with the social stability risk. These strategies include organizing resident residents to inspect the current status of similar projects in China, formulate public participation programs for environmental impact assessment, and assess social stability risk sources and risk levels of projects. Based on this, the paper analyzes the risk perception of the public of the engineering risk, and revises and redivides the concepts and types of the previous engineering social stability risks. Finally, the paper analyzes and summarizes the strategies for engineering projects to deal with and solve social stability risks from the following three aspects: the social stability design of the project, the principle of maximum interest balance and the embodied participation of the public in the project.
There is a tradition: science knowledge is created by expert. They guarantee all the knowledge first and pass them to public as gatekeepers. The rise of Wikipedia changes the history of knowledge into public producing. This paper rethinks the cognitions of scientific knowledge communication from a distinct angle of social constructivism. It indicates that democratic consciousness and scientific image secularization influenced by media revolution both played significant roles in overturning expert tradition. Wikipedia as a social media guarantees social construction and provides probability of a diverse community producing scientific knowledge. It also would help science reflection, especially in defusing knowledge controversies between science and public.
n the section 301 report，U.S. finds out that China's acts, policies, and practices related with technology transfer are unreasonable or discriminatory and that burden or restrict U.S. Commerce. China introduces foreign technology by two means, one is technology transfer contract, and the other is foreign investment. Although the acts, policies and practices of our country restrict or encourage the two means, our government's actions do not violate the relevant international treaties or obligations. The accusation of the United States is nonsense, and there is no evidence supporting the conclusion in the report. China should develop science and technology vigorously, and master key core technologies. Meanwhile, we can improve some laws and promote the construction of legal state., n the section 301 report，U.S. finds out that China's acts, policies, and practices related with technology transfer are unreasonable or discriminatory and that burden or restrict U.S. Commerce. China introduces foreign technology by two means, one is technology transfer contract, and the other is foreign investment. Although the acts, policies and practices of our country restrict or encourage the two means, our government's actions do not violate the relevant international treaties or obligations. The accusation of the United States is nonsense, and there is no evidence supporting the conclusion in the report. China should develop science and technology vigorously, and master key core technologies. Meanwhile, we can improve some laws and promote the construction of legal state.
Based on the panel data of China’s 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from 2005 to 2016, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the factors affecting the flow of science and technology talents from a macro perspective. The results show that the economic development level and the scientific research environment are the main factors affecting the flow of science and technology talents among provinces. There are significant differences in the impact of macro environmental factors on the flow of science and technology talents in different regions. The R&D expenditure intensity has a greater impact on the flow of science and technology talents in the eastern and central regions, while the western region is more affected by the economic development level. Due to the adjustment of industrial structure in the east region is relatively fast and the secondary industry in the central region is relatively developed, the two regions have stronger ability to absorb science and technology talents than the western regions. The financial investment in science and technology has little effect on the flow of science and technology talents. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the rational flow of science and technology talents among regions.
In this paper, by constructing multi-factor CES production function and transcendental function model including biased technological progress to empirically analyze the impact of China's energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress on economic growth ，and investigate different source technology progress factor bias and its economic growth effect. The study finds that: from 1991 to 2015, China's technological progress is generally biased toward capital and energy, bias towards capital-using , energy-using and labor saving. Element substitution elasticity is less than 1, energy-enhanced technology advances are manifested as energy-saving biased-type technological progress.The energy-saving biased-type technological progress promotes the improvement of total factor productivity through energy-enhanced technology progress index effect . The bias of technological advance from different sources and its economic growth effect are obviously different, the economic growth effect of independent innovation R&D is the highest, the economic growth effect of technological improvement is negative.The effect of biased technical progress on economic growth from different sources of technological progress is significantly greater than the effect of neutral technological progress on economic growth.
S&T intermediary is an important carrier to optimize the configuration of innovation resources of the cluster , but its specific form of effect is transformed dynamically along with the change of the surrounding environment of the cluster. By collecting the data of 41 transformation and upgrading demonstration area in Zhejiang Province, adopting QCA method to analyze the function of the role of S&T Intermediary in different network structures, it is found that the mechanism of the influence of S&T Intermediary on cluster development can be divided into three types, including co-equal network knowledge dissemination model, intensive network knowledge dissemination model and fragmented network bridge model , the bridge plays a fundamental leading role in all modes. In addition, limited by the total amount of resources and the level of industrial development, diversification of business development of S&T intermediary relying on the innovation chain cannot yet play a significant role in promoting the development of cluster. The result of research provides an effective reference for the rational design of the development path of S&T Intermediary and the optimization of the configuration of scientific and technological resources in cluster.
Developing brand economy has been an important breakthrough of supply-side structural reform. By using financial data of Listed Companies in China from 2013 to 2016, a panel regression model is constructed to study the impact of brand equity and R&D capital on Total factor productivity（TFP）. The conclusion shows that there is a significant positive correlation between brand equity and TFP, and the strength of state-owned enterprises is greater than that of non-state-owned enterprises, and the strength of large enterprises is greater than that of small and medium-sized enterprises. In addition, there is a complementary effect between brand equity and R&D capital in promoting TFP, however the effect only exists in state-owned enterprises and large enterprises. These conclusions are further confirmed by robust test. Empirical evidence of listed companies helps managers to understand the role of brand equity and R&D capital more deeply, and to provide decision support for the resource allocation. At the same time, the conclusion also provides policy implication for the government to formulate relevant policies to encourage brand strategies in small and medium-sized enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises.
Drawing on insights from incomplete contracts theory, the paper expanded the principal-agent model by conceptualizing the allocation of control rights in goal setting, resource allocation and performance supervision among the principal, supervisor and agent. The authors argue that the different modes of scientific research funding and organization setting are derived from the variations in the allocation of control rights. And then, the article illustrates the new theoretical model in a historical review on the function of selected funding organizations.
In this paper, we take the researchers in basic research fields who apply for or received the fund from National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC）as the research object. With the method of random sampling, a questionnaire survey was conducted among researchers in different stages of career development. Based on the questionnaire results, the satisfaction rate, influencing factors and problems encountered of career development for scientific researchers in different stages of career development are analyzed. we put forward policy suggestions on how to better promote the career development of researchers at different stages based on the above research. Keywords: Scientific Researchers, Career, Career Development, Policy suggestions.
Oversupply in low-value products whilst insufficiency in high-value products has been the structural problem for the Chinese manufacturing, thereby necessitating the reform of supply side. Further, we believe that the herding behavior of firm R&D is one of the main causes leading to the issue of the industrial structure. Drawing upon the dataset from the Annual Census of Chinese Industrial Enterprises, this study explores the determinants of R&D comovement and its effect on corporate performance. Government intervention and market turbulence have a positive effect on R&D comovement, while legislation environment and market competition make a negative effect. Furthermore, R&D comovement hinders corporate performance. Our findings reveal the causes of herding behavior and its effect, and offer valuable managerial implications and policy suggestions.
The formation of entrepreneurial opportunities is not overnight, after the creation of enterprises, entrepreneurial opportunities are still in iteration. Although the existing research on entrepreneurial opportunities points out the importance of the iteration of the entrepreneurial opportunities, but the internal mechanism of entrepreneurial opportunity iteration is still unclear in theory. In this paper, through the comparative analysis of the four firms, it is found that entrepreneurs and stakeholders’ interaction drives the iteration of entrepreneurial opportunity, and these iteration follow the internal mechanism that starting from iteration power generation to iterative decision making, and then to iterative results formation, specifically, (1) The iteration power comes mainly from the destruction of opportunity consensus. (2) The iterative decision depends on whether the founder's dynamic mental model is available. (3) The formation of the final iteration results is mainly affected by the formation of strategic consensus within organization. The study of the interaction mechanism of entrepreneurial opportunity iteration in this paper is an extension of the theory of entrepreneurial opportunity construction, the conclusion of this paper also has practical significance for Lean entrepreneurial practice.
With the continuous improvement of human scientific and technological innovation capabilities, the promotion of basic science on technological innovation has become increasingly apparent. The paper revolves around the development of artificial intelligence science and technology, based on the WOS database, and the USPTO database to construct an artificial intelligence basic scientific cooperation network and a patented technology cooperation network, systematically analyzing the global regional development pattern of artificial intelligence science and technology, and The characteristics of other diversified networks explored the interaction between the basic science network of artificial intelligence and technology networks. Research shows that the United States is still the world's No matter it is science or technology; China is dominant in the publication of papers, but technological innovation is weaker, while India has strong technological transformation capabilities; the UK, France and Italy are in the artificial intelligence technology innovation Lost lead. The model study finds that countries with a high degree of centrality in basic science networks have a significant contribution to technological innovation, while scientific network structure holes and agglomeration coefficients have no significant effect on technological innovation.
The implementation of Overseas Talent Offshore Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center Plan provides a new way for the selection of governance mode in the current situation. By employing the comparative analysis of two cases from Shanghai and Wuhan, this paper introduces the theory of network embedding and discusses the typical types, main characteristics and selection paths of the governance mode for overseas talents’ innovation and entrepreneurship. The result shows that two typical types include government-led circular mode and market-led network mode. Also, the selection path has three key decision points involving the determination of system function, governance subject and governance structure. Meanwhile, the more difficult the local network is embedded, the easier it is to form the government-led mode and develop the circular governance structure.
The innovation resources misallocation is an important reason for the low efficiency of China's overall innovation. Structural misallocation is an important aspect. Through constructing a model to calculate resources misallocation degree between departments, using the industrial data from 2005 to 2015, this paper finds that: the innovation resources misallocation degree between regions is most serious, which leads to innovation efficiency loss of 17.4%. Inputs in the northeast and northwest regions is excessivet, while insufficient in the southeast and southwest regions. Misallocation between ownerships is the second, which leads to innovation efficiency loss of 6.56%. Inputs of the state sector is excessive seriously relative to the non-state sector. The last is misallocation between the high and non-high technology industry, which leads to innovation efficiency loss of 0.53%. Inputs in the high technology industry is still relatively insufficient, specially in the medical equipment manufacturing industry. The further analysis finds that the three types of structural misallocation all are mainly reflected in R&D funding compared to R&D labor.
This paper is designed to reveal the value chain spillover effects of China OFDI’s reverse innovation and corresponding policy implications. The study is conducted by using China provincial panel data of 2006~2015, together with the technique of threshold regression. Research Findings: OFDI has the significant value chain spillover effect as far as the reverse innovation is concerned, and its positive impact on technology development capability is greater than that of technology transformation capability. The dynamic reverse spillover of OFDI shows positive and incremental marginal efficiency and positive "U" non-linear feature, in the stage of technology development and technology transformation respectively. The spillover laws of two-stage innovation all have significant spatial heterogeneity. Especially the dynamic characteristics of the positive and diminishing marginal efficiency of OFDI reverse spillover in the eastern region deserve attention. In the new era, OFDI in the eastern and central China all have the comparative dynamic advantage of reverse innovation value chain overflow, while the effect in the western region is relatively limited. Based on the perspective of innovation value chain, a full empirical analysis is carried out on the stage heterogeneity and spatial heterogeneity of OFDI reverse innovation spillover. Research Significance: It provides the enlightening references for coping with the inherent relationship between OFDI and technological innovation more accurately and rationally in the new era.
Technology innovation is the key way to enhance innovation capability and strengthen core competitiveness, which has an important role in the development of regional economies. Based on the perspective of knowledge aggregation, on the basis of analyzing the entropy change and mutation characteristics of technology innovation, this paper makes a metaphorical analysis for the formation mechanism of technology innovation. This paper uses the cusp catastrophe model in catastrophe theory to build the formation mechanism model of technology innovation and chooses internal knowledge as the state variable, negative entropy caused by external knowledge and entropy increases caused by internal knowledge as control variables. Then it analyzes the formation mechanism of technology innovation in depth. The results show that the formation mechanism of technology innovation is composed of three phases: technology innovation inception phase, the formation phase of incremental technology innovation and the formation phase of radical technology innovation. Finally, we put forward relevant strategies to promote the formation of technology innovation from four aspects: building the sharing mechanism of internal knowledge, increasing the introduction of external knowledge, establishing knowledge aggregation mechanism of internal and external knowledge and improving the support system of technology innovation.
