Effective scientific communication is essential to social governance of public health emergencies. The traditional model of science communication is “deficit model,” which aims at filling up the deficit among the public in scientific knowledge. This model cuts off the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge, requires high accuracy and low timeliness of the communicated knowledge, and includes little of the dialogues between the scientists and the public. The faultiness of the model have been exposed in the governance of COVID-19 outbreak in China: The scientists’ overwhelming emphasis on knowledge production and relative ignorance of scientific communication damaged the knowledge supply for the government and the public in decision. In limited scientific communication to the public, the estrangement between scientific expression and ordinary language brought about popular misunderstandings of risks in the epidemic. Therefore, the building of social governance system needs the transition of scientific communication from the deficit model to the dialogue model or the co-production model, integrating the production and communication process of scientific knowledge, and fully considering the difference of social and scientific contexts during communication, so as to achieve the timely and effective scientific communication.
With the change of human production and life style, the threat of sudden public health crisis to human beings is gradually approaching. The pneumonia outbreak of 2019-nCoV has issued an urgent warning to humans. Based on the existing public health crisis management system in China is discussed, low the public health crisis response capability of local government, emergency supplies lag, ack of social mobilization, and weaken the public's awareness of the infectious disease prevention and control problems are analyzed. It puts forward the governance concept of insisting on people-oriented, governing by law, harmonious coexistence between man and nature and giving play to the advantages of the socialist system. Specific measures are put forward from the aspects of public health crisis prevention system, emergency response mechanism, social mobilization mechanism, capital input and international cooperation mechanism to realize the modernization of public health crisis management.
Under the condition of emerging technology uncertainty, how to achieve collective action in emerging technology governance has become an urgent issue for the current multi-party discussion and research. The single-angle governance method is difficult to provide an effective solution path. This study focuses on the perspective of network governance and constructs an analytical framework for collective action on emerging technology governance. Based on the multi-case emerging technology governance practice, the study identifies 12 key nodes that reach the collective action of emerging technologies from the perspectives of governance structure, participation process, and participation degree, and reveals three realization paths for reaching collective action of emerging technology governance. The results show that the three paths influence collective action in a step-by-step manner, and path I is the shortest path to achieve collective action. The study found that the necessary condition for achieving collective action is the degree of public participation, but it is not a sufficient condition. It is necessary to change the governance structure and the degree of participation, so that collective action of emerging technology governance can be achieved in the Chinese context.
A content analysis of 138 national-level semiconductor industry development policies was made since the founding of the People's Republic of China 70 years ago, and the findings are as follows :（1）Programmatic documents and guiding strategies have accounted for a certain proportion. In terms of specific policy, attention hasn’t been paid to the science and technology policies and talent policies to promote semiconductor basic research. (2) In the process of policy change, the supply-side and environment-side policy tools have gradually become the main policy tools, while the demand-side policy tools have steadily increased. The government is increasingly inclined to combine multiple policy tools. (3) In terms of the use of the three types of policy tools, information service is not enough in the supply-side policy tools. The government attaches increasing importance to environmental policy tools, while the demand-side policy tools are used less frequently. The realistic choices under Sino-US trade conflict are: first, form a policy tool system of the whole innovation chain from basic research to industrialization; Second, the use of policy tools in the semiconductor industry should be balanced and improved; Third, the structure of policy tools should be advanced.
Improving the quality of patent applications from China in The Belt and Road countries is an inherent requirement for the quality development of the “Belt and Road Initiative” and the construction of a strong intellectual property country. In this paper, seven indicators which involves technology quality and text quality were selected to build the evaluating system of the patent application quality. The article uses the structure entropy method to confirm the weight of the indicators. The patent application quality from China to The Belt and Road countries is obviously higher compared with domestic patent application in China, and the high-quality patents are concentrated in the fields of digital communications, computer technology, organic fine chemistry and electrical machinery. The overall quality of patent application from China in Russia is the highest, which in India is lower however. As for the quality condition of patent application from different provinces, Beijing, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei are distributed in the “large quantity-high quality” stage
Due to the diffusion effect of knowledge, teamwork gradually dominates the knowledge production process in most technical fields. Describe the characteristics and models of scientific collaboration has become the focus of scholars at home and abroad. However, whether collaborative research can produce patents with higher quality requires further testing. Based on the patent data authorized by USPTO of China and other seven economies from 1975 to 2017, this paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of patent quality and evolution trend in various economies, and uses Poisson model to empirically study the inventor collaboration on the patent quality in China. The study shows that, compared with non-collaboration, firstly, the inventor collaboration can effectively improve the patent quality. Further, international collaboration of inventors has a significantly higher effect than the domestic. Secondly, the inventor collaboration between China and the United States has the most obvious effect on the improvement of patent quality, while the contribution from collaboration with Japan and Germany is relatively small, and the collaboration with Taiwan can effectively promote the accumulation of forward citations. Thirdly, the corporate-university and corporate-research institutes collaboration exhibit the largest positive impacts on patent quality, while the inter-corporate collaboration can effectively promote the accumulation of patents' forward references, but inhibit the increase in the number of claims. In addition, the other configurations include at least one university or research institute have no positive impact on patent quality.
Patents are the carrier of exclusive and novel technical knowledge and a visible result of innovative activities. This paper selects the application data of China's invention patent cooperation from 2006 to 2015, constructs a patent cooperation network in China, analyzes the network indicators of the whole network and the network location of a single node by using social network research methods. And according to the stage characteristics of the patent cooperation network, this paper depicts the evolutionary trend of China's patent cooperation network. The results show that: The scale of China's patent cooperation network is large but the whole is scattered. Colleges and universities and large central enterprises occupy the core position in the network. The largest subgroup of the network has the characteristics of small world. From the perspective of evolutionary trend, China's patent cooperation network has expanded rapidly, network relations have become increasingly close, the importance of nodes in the network has gradually increased, and the network as a whole has deviated toward the core nodes.
Based on the perspective of SME performance, with the help of the related theories of organizational change, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the intelligent manufacturing situation of 472 SMEs by using layer-by-layer regression model. The research results show that the manufacturing and maintenance intelligence of intelligent manufacturing has a significant positive impact on the performance of SMEs. At the same time, the organizational changes in different dimensions within the enterprise play a regulatory role in the relationship between manufacturing dimension, intelligent dimension and SME performance. Moreover, this adjustment effect is different, organizational strategy, business process change and manufacturing dimension matching, organizational structure change and intelligent dimension matching will have a more significant positive impact on SME performance. Based on the above research findings, this paper gives suggestions for SMEs to achieve intelligent manufacturing.
How to effectively build an internal entrepreneurial culture in a super-competitive environment and continue to promote the company's spontaneous entrepreneurship is of great significance to the strategic rejuvenation and reshaping of the enterprise. Based on the theory of social exchange, 584 employees of 67 companies are the research objects, and the employee's professionalism and organizational status perception are introduced to analyze the mechanism of entrepreneurial culture on the company's entrepreneurship. The research results show that entrepreneurial culture and employee engagement have a significant positive impact on the company's entrepreneurship; employee engagement plays a part in mediating between entrepreneurial culture and corporate entrepreneurship, and further discovers that perceived organization status positively regulates the relationship between entrepreneurial culture and employee engagement, and positively adjusts the intermediary effect of employee engagement.
Discontinuous events are regarded as important antecedents that determine individual entrepreneurial learning. However, the mechanism between discontinuous events and entrepreneurial learning is not completely explored. We use 238 survey data to construct and test a mediation model to deepen the relationship based on event system theory and learning theory. Our results show that (1) novel and disruptive events are significantly and positively related to explorative learning and exploitive learning; critical events are significantly and positively related to exploitive learning. (2) Fear of failure plays a mediating role in the relationship between the novel, disruptive events, and explorative learning as well as exploitive learning. Our study explores the mechanism of discontinuous events on entrepreneurial learning, which not only enriches and expands the research of event system theory but also provides useful implications for entrepreneurs' practice.
As the body of technological innovation and entrepreneurship activities, technological entrepreneurs have the characteristics of team leaders and highly creative individuals. Most researches focus on the technical level, but the research on the special heterogeneity of human capital, especially political skills, of the technological entrepreneurs are slightly insufficient. Based on the theory of human capital, this paper focuses on 454 technological entrepreneurs in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Zhejiang and Henan, focusing on the impact of technological entrepreneurial political skills on innovation performance, and examines the impact process. The empirical results show that: (1) the political skills of technological entrepreneurs has a signifcantly negative e?ect on innovation performance of enterprises; (2) Transactive memory system of entrepreneurial team play a partial mediating effect between the political skills of technological entrepreneurs and innovation performance; (3) Entrepreneurs' personal reputation positively moderates the direct predictive role of technological entrepreneurs’ political skills and innovation performance and the mediating role of transactive memory system in the relationship between them.
Although the value of knowledge to innovation ability and the influence of power on work attitude have been fully demonstrated, the complex interaction between power and knowledge in the context of entrepreneurial organization has not yet been fully revealed. Through empirical research, this paper explores the coupling relationship between power and knowledge of entrepreneurial organizations, and the mechanism and path of influence on innovation attitude, innovation ability and innovation performance. A meaningful conclusion is reached that the coupling effect of power and knowledge influence the interaction between innovation attitudes and innovation capabilities by means of innovation attitudes, and ultimately affecting innovation performance. It is more conducive to improving innovation performance and achieving innovation-driven high-quality development that entrepreneurship organizations avoid noise interfering from position power with innovation activities as far as possible, and give full play to the role of coupler between professional power and knowledge, in order to promote information circulation and knowledge utilization.
With the rapid development of global population aging, relying on science and technology innovation to deal with population aging has increasingly become the focus of attention. China is about to step in an aged society, systematically analyzing the research progress and deficiencies of foreign gerontechnology innovation is of great significance to promote the research and practice of gerontechnology innovation in china and to enhance the effectiveness of relevant countermeasures and suggestions. Firstly, this paper analyzes the related research of foreign gerontechnology innovation concepts and research trends. Secondly, five hot topics in this field are summarized. Thirdly, four emerging themes are identified by the method of concern and novelty analysis. Finally, this paper reviews the research deficiencies and future research directions from seven aspects.
In order to uncover the dilemma of service innovation in an open network environment. Based on social network theory and organizational search theory, an empirical test was made by multiple regressions model to analyze the impact mechanism of network position on service innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises. Through the analysis of 313 Chinese manufacturing enterprises research data and found that: Network position has a significant positive impact on the service innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises; Boundary-spanning partial mediates the relationship between the network position and the service innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises; Absorptive capacity moderates the relationship between boundary-spanning search and service innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises, while the mediating role of boundary-spanning search in the relationship between network position and service innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises is moderated by absorptive capacity. This paper extends the research on effects of network position, further clarifies the mechanism and boundary conditions of the impact of network position on service innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises，and offers practical implications for manufacturing enterprise to use boundary-spanning search to break through resource limitations and promote service innovation rapidly.
Creating innovation ecosystem with technology standard as a link helps promote collaborative R&D and optimize resource allocation within the system, which provides a new path for value co-creation of firms in the innovation ecosystem. Analyzing form the two-dimensional of “product market-technology market”, this paper wants to explore the deep-seated mechanism between China's information industry listed firms’ strategy of creating the technology standardization innovation ecosystem and their sales growth. The study found that creating technology standardization innovation ecosystem significantly couples with the firm’s strategy of core-technology development and marketing behavior. Hi-tech firms create technology standardization innovation ecosystem, which would improve their technology-dependent system, stimulate the direct network effect under the same technology paradigm, and then make the firms’ core-technology transform to accepted products in the market. The technology standardization innovation ecosystem also helps stimulate indirect network effect by coordinating the development of complement technologies, which contributes to strengthen the firms’ marketing effect and then promotes sales growth.
In order to explore the impact of the Internet on the knowledge increment in industry-university-research collaborative innovation.From the perspective of knowledge ecology, this paper constructs an internet-based collaborative innovation knowledge ecosystem model, and explains the process of knowledge appreciation by using ecological mechanism.On this basis, "huawei & tsinghua" collaborative innovation case was cited to build a dynamic model of knowledge appreciation system based on real data, and Vensim PLE software was used for simulation.The research shows that the Internet can improve the knowledge innovation environment of the knowledge population, enhance the knowledge transfer ability and willingness of the knowledge population, and provide knowledge services for the knowledge population to promote the knowledge increment in the collaborative innovation of the industry, the university and the research institute.Finally, some Suggestions are put forward on how to give full play to the role of Internet in promoting knowledge appreciation.
The management of total performance wages (hereafter, MTPW) is a minor link of management system of public institutions, but it is a key point which is inevitable for system reform and policy innovation in such areas as performance wages, income distribution, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, talent team construction. Taking MTPW as an example, this paper systematically explores the institutional dilemma facing the innovative development of scientific research institutions. The original management system cannot meet the needs of differentiated and dynamic development of scientific research institutes, and the recent reform and innovation can cure only symptoms but not root causes, which leads the reform and innovative development of scientific research institutes to a difficult situation. At present, we should promote the socialization-oriented systematic reforms which focusing on scientific research institutes rather than researchers, and let scientific research institutes be state-run social organizations which taking the responsibility of providing public science and technology services and implementing self-governance according to special laws. At the same time, construct a macro-control mechanism containing several kinds of effective constraints, such as internal governance, performance management, market competition and social supervision, in order to ensure that scientific research institutes do not lose their public welfare attributes and truly become an important subject of innovative development.
