Fintech ethics is the cornerstone of high-quality development of financial services.. In view of the lack of research on systematic governance ， this paper uncovers the intricate hierarchical
structure and evolutionary process through an analysis of the meaning of fintech ethics. This includes the hidden nature of technology, the diversity of its applications, the broad range of its social impacts
and vertical interactions across various levels, as well as the horizontal phases of Introductory period, technological invasion, and convergence volatility and cyclical iterative growth. Our research
proposes a collaborative governance structure that is guided and preventive during the convergence and volatility period. It highlights the role of a triad of government-led collaborative governance
agents that connect the market and individuals. This approach emphasizes the cascade of legal intervention, market regulation, and guided ethical embedding to tackle critical issues such as policy
failure, uncontrolled risk, and lack of ethical awareness. By presenting a comparative analysis of practical examples in the world's major economies, it provides recommendations for governance in
China's present time with implications for promoting financial reform measures.
Although more and more important tasks and decisions have been entrusted to the algorithm, the computational complexity and opacity of the algorithm make it difficult for users to understand the decision-making process and results of the algorithm, resulting in their difficulty in trusting the algorithm, and even the phenomenon of "algorithmic aversion". Accordingly, algorithmic transparency is often seen as the foundation of trustworthy artificial intelligence and has received considerable attention in academic debates over the past few years. However, at the practical level, there are many challenges in implementing algorithmic transparency, which may even trigger certain ethical risks. Based on this, this study analyzes the challenges and risks at the practical level of algorithmic transparency, and points out that at least three dimensions of disclosure, review, and design can be used to solve the current practical difficulties.
On the basis of long-term study of expertise and experience (SEE), Collins put forward the concept of interactive expertise, and believed that interactive expertise is the third kind of knowledge between formal propositional knowledge and informal tacit knowledge. Interactive expertise means that an interactive expert can be fluent in the language of a professional field through verbal communication without fully immersing himself in the way of life in a field of expertise. This is what Collins calls“minimal embodied arguments”and “strong interaction hypothesis”. However, Collins misjudges the importance of tacit cognition, embodied cognition, and metaphorical cognition hidden behind interactive expertise, that is, underestimates the fundamental role of the phenomenological body that underpins interactive expertise. The physical conditions required for mastering interaction expertise are not“minimal”as Collins thinks, and Collins’ understanding of the body is biased towards reductionism, which is in sharp contradiction with the phenomenological “body-subject”holism. Therefore, there is no solid basis for characterizing interaction expertise as the third type of knowledge, and it still needs to be discussed.
High-level talents are the source of strength for building world power of science and technology, but how to retain and attract world-class scientific and technological talents(WSTT) has not been explored by the academic community. Currently, most researches on the influencing factors of scientific and technological talents flow adopt methods such as questionnaire surveys and econometric models. However, due to the objective shortcomings of the research methods, only a few factors can be discussed on the flow of talents such as academicians, and a comprehensive and systematic theoretical model has not yet been formed. And there are not many analyses on WSTT. To this end, the paper regards the winners of international famous academic awards in the field of natural science as WSTT. Based on the qualitative data such as the biographies of the research objects, the paper uses grounded theory method to construct an influencing factor model of WSTT, and comprehensively and systematically reveals the key factors and mechanisms that affect talent flow. Grounded analysis, which is based on detailed qualitative information, is widely used to explore and summarize the influencing factors of a phenomenon, and has a good research utility for this study. Specifically, first of all, 227 winners with relatively sufficient information are selected as research samples, who have flow experience between the production of significant achievements and the awarding of awards. Secondly, through the grounded analysis processes such as open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, it is found that: (1)Livelihood security (medical conditions, salary and treatment, work stability, living environment), working atmosphere (colleague relationships, partners, academic exchanges, institutional management, regional academic environment), research support (team building, research conditions, research fields, research autonomy, and external support) and research strength (institutional reputation and research team) are the external environmental factors affecting talent flow; family life (family reunion, family health, and comfortable life) and personal emotions (academic inheritance, homeland complex, research mission, and changing environment) are the internal drivers of talent flow. (2)There are indirect mechanisms between internal and external factors, as well as external factors themselves, that affect talent flow, including team building→colleague relationships→talent flow, medical conditions→family health→talent flow, academic exchanges→comfortable life→talent flow, academic exchanges→changing environment→talent flow, research conditions→changing environment→talent flow, and other indirect pathways. (3)There are certain disciplinary differences in the main influencing factors of talent flow, which are reflected in the industry-research interaction and experimental setup in the field of biology, academic exchanges in the field of mathematics, institutional characteristics and experimental setup in the field of chemistry and physics, and mandatory retirement system for government departments in the field of earth sciences. Finally, the following suggestions are put forward on how to better retain and attract talents: encouraging diverse forms of academic exchanges; providing sufficient but moderate research support; paying attention to the "self-realization" needs of scientific and technological talents; paying attention to family care for scientific and technological talents.
In recent years, digital transformation has been further promoted, enabling traditional industries to accelerate the transformation and upgrading to the direction of intelligence and information technology, and the application level of digital technology in enterprises has been significantly improved. Along with the acceleration of digital transformation, China’s income distribution imbalance has become increasingly serious, one manifestation of which is the significant widening of the wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze whether digital transformation will expand the skill wage premium.
Based on the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2022, this paper deeply explores the impact of digital transformation on the skill wage premium of enterprises in the industry and the industries with which technology is related, and analyzes its internal mechanism. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Digital transformation will promote the increase of the wage gap between R&D personnel and ordinary employees, that is, expand the skill wage premium. (2) The deepening of digital transformation of an industry will have a significant positive impact on the skill wage premium of the industry with which it has technology correlation, and the stronger the inter-industry correlation, the stronger the spillover effect. (3) The productivity effect and the profit rate effect are two mechanisms through which digital transformation significantly expands the skills wage premium. (4) The effect of digital transformation on skill wage premium is heterogeneous, and the effect of digital transformation on skill wage premium is more obvious in industries with high monopoly degree, capital and technology-intensive industries and non-state-owned enterprises.
The possible marginal contributions of this paper are as follows: First, this paper matches the input-output data of time series with the industry data of listed companies, constructs the inter-industry technology correlation matrix, and expands the application of technology spillover effect in the study of digital transformation and income distribution. Second, the average annual salary of R&D personnel is extracted from the detailed items of R&D expenses of listed companies, and the average annual salary ratio between R&D personnel and ordinary workers is used to represent the skill wage premium. Third, this paper reveals that the productivity effect and the profit rate effect are two mechanisms by which digital transformation significantly expands the skill wage premium, which helps to enrich the understanding of the relationship between digital transformation and skill wage premium both theoretically and in practice.
In the process of the construction of "Digital China" and "Beautiful China", this paper takes the balanced panel data of 274 cities at prefecture level and above in China from 2011 to 2019 as samples, and on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of digital economy itself, discusses the impact of digital economy on urban green development from two aspects of action mechanism and threshold effect. The study found that digital economy significantly promoted urban green development, and this promoting effect was more obvious in eastern cities, smart city pilot cities and cities with strong intellectual property protection. Further research shows that digital economy can promote urban green development by promoting the servitization of economic structure, stimulating green technology innovation and enhancing public environmental concern. With the extensive construction of the current digital infrastructure, social electricity consumption and carbon emissions continue to increase, and the impact of digital economy on urban green development has a non-linear feature of diminishing marginal effect. The research conclusions of this paper not only actively promote cities to embrace the new paradigm of green development, but also provide a useful reference for the construction of an intensive and low-carbon modern infrastructure system and the realization of digital green coordinated development.
Intelligent manufacturing is now a key area of competition between China and the United States, and the United States is attempting to curb the rise of China's intelligent manufacturing through a "decoupling" policy, ensuring its own digital hegemonic position. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the "decoupling" policy on China from the perspective of the game of major powers.
The study observes these impacts from the annual reports of listed companies, accompanied by descriptions of business activities, and conducts information verification based on the official website of them, as well as national policies and research report of relevant industries. Based on 40 representative businesses of 34 listed companies, the study involves enterprises in the "intelligent manufacturing" concept sector, and enterprises in the "industrial internet", "5G", "chip" concept sector, widely reflecting the impact on "transformants" and "empowerers" to answer the true impact of the US' decoupling policy on China's intelligent manufacturing strategy. The examination includes three levels: the organizational context level, including the three dimensions of digital nativeness, internal driving force, and competitive pressure, the micro environment level, including the two dimensions of industrial chain relationship structure and customer demand, and the macro environment level, including the four dimensions of planning guidance, green regulation, market protection, and digital hegemony.
The study found that although the United States' digital hegemony measures have had a certain impact on enterprises, the organizational context level and micro environment level play more important roles in affecting the digital transformation and digital empowerment of enterprises. The dimensions of digital nativeness, internal driving force, competitive pressure, relationship structure, and customer demand all have greater impacts or in higher intensity. In addition, national policy support at the macro level have also played a significant role. Although the "decoupling" policy of the United States has a stronger impact than the traditional western market protection policy, and also has a different mechanism in affecting enterprises in digitalization, i.e., the traditional market protection has promoted the digitalization of enterprises, while the digital hegemony has a bottleneck effect due to the restrictions on key hardware technologies, but the scope and intensity of the impact are not as good as other factors. Although digital key component providers and digital equipment providers have been impacted to a certain extent by the "decoupling" policy, under the more significant promotion of the industrial and national environment, enterprises have actively resolved through increased R&D investment, intra industry collaborative innovation, and alternative solutions development, which has not put the implementation of the overall intelligent manufacturing strategy in a difficult position.
This study gives more profound understanding of the impact of the "decoupling" policy of the United States from the perspective of transformation of the whole country's manufacturing industry, and also has certain enlightenment on the digital transformation of enterprises and the development of digital capabilities under the game of big countries.
Large scientific facilities are important material conditions for meeting national strategic needs and building a powerful country in science and technology.Facility construction and operation is achieved through the facilities project, the success of which depends on the cooperation between the participants. However, there is a clear divergence in values, interests and goals among the central and local government, research institutes and enterprises. The process and mechanism of their cooperation have not been fully discussed. Through field research on several large scientific facilities in the PRD region, the study found that the facilities project is a process of building actor networks centered around research institutions (focal actors), which has gone through four stages: problem identification and solution provision, alignment of interests and fixed roles, establishing different types of cooperative connections, activation of participants and maintenance of the network. The building experience, team strength, communication and coordination skills, social connections and political resources of the focal actors are essential to achieve project cooperation. Secondly, the key to cooperation is that the facility project programme meets the interests of all parties. The motivations of actors in public sector-led government-industry-academia-research collaborations are more complex and diverse, with the satisfaction of national or overall interests being the highest priority. Thirdly, the primary challenge to collaboration is the lack of knowledge and misunderstanding of large science facilities, which requires lots of science popularization work. This gives the focal actors opportunity to rephrasing and redefining participants’ problems, and the lobbying process largely influences the image of the facility's role in the eyes of local authorities and the public. Lastly, the outstanding problem of cooperation is the coordination and motivation of project organization and management. Even if the core actors succeed in building a collaborative network, conflicts of objectives and interests between actors persist and affect the efficiency of project management due to our current project management system. Further discussion demonstrates network resilience and reconfiguration. On one hand, the network of actors has a certain degree of resilience in the face of risk and failure, and is able to adapt strategic objectives and courses of action in response to changes in the environment. On the other hand, the generation of new facility operating networks can effectively improve the operational efficiency of large scientific facilities because of the increased sharing of resources. This article expands the research on the cooperation between government, industry, academia, and research in the field of basic science research, and enriches the practical experience of the operation of China's large scientific facility projects.
Scientific and technological talents are the key force for a country to achieve technological self-reliance, self-improvement, and accelerate technological progress. Using 1198 outstanding young scientists and scholars from 2013 to 2015 as research subjects, we characterize the growth of top-notch scientific and technological talents by using the growth of outstanding young scientists and scholars as a natural experiment. The growth of top-notch scientific and technological talents is divided into two dimensions: whether they can grow into top-notch talents and the speed of their growth. Based on three characteristics of scientific research output, namely quantity, impact, and comprehensive performance, the relationship between the characteristics of scientific research output and the growth of top-notch scientific and technological talents was studied using binary Logit model and two-sided truncated regression model. The study found that: (1) The three features of scientific research output have a significant positive impact on whether one can grow into a top-notch scientific and technological talent; (2) Only the impact feature of scientific research output has a significant impact on the speed of growth of top-notch scientific and technological talents; (3) Outstanding young scientists and scholars from non-university institutions are more likely to grow into outstanding young scientists and scholars compared to those from universities, and their contributions to the growth of scientific research output features are higher; (4) For the research sample from the western region, the features of scientific research output have no significant impact on the growth of top-notch scientific and technological talents. This study reveals the specific mechanism by which the features of scientific research output affect the growth of top-notch scientific and technological talents, enriches the relevant research on the growth rules of technology talents.
Open source has become a key innovation driver for core digital economy industries, such as cloud computing and artificial intelligence industries. Open source can shorten product development cycle and reduce R&D costs through distributed development and collective innovation systems. Firms increasingly emphasize on the participation of open source communities as an important innovation strategy. From a governance perspective, software development in open source communities is a large-scale knowledge-intensive project, jointly achieved by geographically dispersed developers with distinct interests, expertise and technical skills. The self-organized and loose coupling characteristics of open source communities challenge traditional hierarchy-based control mechanism. As such, how to coordinate task interdependency and boost task fulfillment is crucial to the success of open source projects as well as the prosperity of open source communities. Most existing studies focus on the centered coordination strategies devised by a focal company, such as the main contributor and the founder of open source communities, while at the micro level, how a mass of individual developers interact with each other and contribute new knowledge to the community remains underexplored. In addition, since the amount of coordination data in open source communities is huge and hard to access, extant literature has predominantly utilized survey and interview data to evaluate knowledge sharing and innovation performance of open source projects, which results may be biased towards the subjectivity of research samples. To address the above gaps, this paper employs Python programming to collect the objective data recording the coordination activities among software developers and the process of task implementation in Huawei OpenHarmony project. This study measures the fulfillment of open source tasks by the integration of newly developed code and finds that high development interdependency, manifesting as the interrelatedness between different open source tasks, is detrimental to task fulfillment. Specifically, higher development interdependency indicates greater technological complexity of open source tasks and also coordinating barriers to achieve functional compatibility between different software modules, which imposes greater knowledge integration challenges for developers. In this regard, this study provides a nuanced understanding of self-autonomy and distributed innovation paradigm of open source communities. Furthermore, this study decomposes the coordination activities into type diversity and order diversity. Specifically, type diversity refers to the diversity of categories of coordination activities involved in an open source task while order diversity is defined by the variation in the sequential transitions between different activities. These two properties of coordination activities can capture the patterns through which developers interact and achieve common ground on problem diagnoses and solutions when conducting complex open source tasks. Therefore, this study proposes that to resolve the knowledge integration challenges, developers tend to increase type diversity and order diversity of open source coordination activities when confronted with high development interdependency. In turn, both type diversity and order diversity are conducive to task fulfillment. These findings shed light on how to facilitate knowledge integration and reduce collaboration costs through a broad covering of diverse coordination activities and also frequent iteration between these activities. Lastly, this paper confirms that developer interdependency weakens the positive impacts of type diversity and order diversity of open source coordination activities. It indicates that there may exist unique coordination patterns in the context of high developer interdependency. Overall, this study provides implications for improving innovation efficiency and competitiveness of open source community.
The global economy is transforming from product economy to service economy, and the manufacturing industry urgently needs to shift from low-end production to high-end service in the value chain. At the same time, the new generation of digital information technology is called for to be applied to the upgrading of manufacturing services. For digital servitization, manufacturing firms are faced with the change of internal and external environment brought by digital technology, so it needs to constantly span organization boundaries. because resource liquefaction blurs the internal boundaries of the enterprise, and real-time accessible data repositories enables services to be designed by spanning organization boundaries. Spanning organization boundaries will affect the knowledge conventions and service processes associated with service performance. Whether manufacturing firms can effectively span organization boundary is the key to the success of digital servitization. However, the existing literature has yet to explore when and how manufacturing firms span which boundaries to achieve digital servitization, and has yet to reveal the evolution mechanism about the transformation phases.
The paper chooses Sany Heavy Industry as the research object, uses single-case longitudinal study method, and explores the path of digital servitization of manufacturing firms from the perspective of boundary spanning. It finds that the digital servitization of manufacturing firms is a process of constantly spanning boundaries to cope with changes in the internal and external environment of the organization. Following the path logic of "Boundary Identification -- Spanning Strategy - Spanning Ability - Transformation Performance", Sany Heavy Industry mainly goes through three stages: Service 1.0, Service 2.0 and Service 3.0. In the Service 1.0, SANY Heavy Industry identified the Information Boundary and adopted the Information-Sharing Strategy of "Cognitive Update - Process Online - Platform Sharing", which helped form the Service Connection Capability of "Vertical Connection, Horizontal Connection and Internal-External Connection", so as to improve the service efficiency. In the Service 2.0, Sany Heavy Industry identified the Knowledge Boundary, and adopted the Data-Driven Strategy of "Data Aggregation-Data Analysis-Data Utilization", which helped form the Service Integration Capability of "Client-Side Integration, Value-Side Integration and Business-Side Integration", so as to improve the service experience. In the Service 3.0, Sany Heavy Industry identified the Human-Machine Boundary and adopted the Man-Machine Collaboration Strategy of "Machine Learning - Relationship Coordination - Division Of Labor Cooperation", which helped form the Service Collaboration Capability of "Intervention Collaboration, Enhancement Collaboration and Automatic Collaboration", so as to enhance the service value.
On the basis of revealing the path model, this paper also finds that the digital servitization of manufacturing firms follows the evolution mechanism named "Demand Perception - Resource Response", that is, the behavior of manufacturing firms to perceive service demand and arrange existing digital resources to respond. In the different stages of the digital servitization of manufacturing firms, there are Perception-Response Mechanism on service development and Perception-Response Mechanism on service delivery respectively. The conclusions of the study provide a new explanation logic and practical enlightenment for digital servitization of manufacturing firms.
Abstract: In the era of digital economy, digital transformation has become an important path for the high-quality development of enterprises. The "National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone" is used to construct quasi-natural experiments, based on the data of China's A-share listed companies from 2001 to 2021, and the digital transformation measurement indicators of enterprises are constructed with the help of Python crawler technology and text analysis method. From the two levels of theoretical logic and empirical evidence, the policy effect of the pilot of big data comprehensive pilot area on the digital transformation of enterprises is examined. The study finds that: First, the policy pilot of the big data comprehensive pilot zone has effectively promoted the digital transformation process of enterprises, and the research conclusion is still valid after the robustness test. Second, the mechanism analysis shows that the pilot policy of the big data comprehensive experimental zone promotes the digital transformation of enterprises through the effects of human capital and technological capital. Third, the heterogeneity analysis finds that this promotion effect differs significantly in different property rights, industry categories and financial market environments. Specifically, the policy pilot of the big data comprehensive pilot zone has a positive incentive effect on the digital transformation of private enterprises, and has a clear preference for promoting the digital transformation of traditional industries, and the developed financial market environment provides important benefits for high-quality release of policy-driven efficiency.
In the era of globalization, the landscape of innovation has transcended national boundaries. Against the backdrop of the contemporary scientific and technological milieu, China is actively crafting a novel developmental paradigm. This paradigm pivots around the domestic cycle as its nucleus while concurrently harnessing the synergistic forces of both domestic and international cycles to propel advancement. In the unfolding narrative of the "double-cycle new development pattern," the confluence of Indigenous innovation networks and Global innovation networks becomes an inexorable phenomenon. Extant scholarly endeavors have primarily scrutinized discrete domains, encompassing Corporate innovation networks, Regional innovation networks, and Global innovation networks, each in isolation. These inquiries have dissected their genesis, evolutionary dynamics, interlinkages, and reciprocal influences on innovation outcomes. However, a noticeable gap persists in our understanding of the interplay between Indigenous innovation networks, their intricate subsystems, and the expansive tapestry of Global innovation networks. This research lacuna warrants meticulous exploration to enrich our comprehension of the intricate coupling mechanisms engendered by these networks.
The synergistic development of indigenous innovation and global innovation is a cutting-edge topic in the field of regional innovation. Revealing the coupled and synergistic status between China's Indigenous Innovation Networks (IINs) and Global Innovation Networks (GINs) is of significant guidance in establishing a new development pattern that promotes the domestic and international dual circulation and implementing the "going global and bringing in" strategy. Therefore, this paper traces the development trajectory of IINs and GINs, constructs an indicator system to characterize both networks, utilizes the entropy weight method to calculate the comprehensive development index of the two networks, and then measures the coupling and development levels between the national and four major regional innovation networks and GINs. Finally, the Dagum Gini coefficient and kernel density estimation method are used to examine regional differences, their sources, and distribution dynamics.
The research findings indicate that the coupling and synergistic nature of China's IINs-GINs is on the rise, but the overall level is not high and is still in the early stage of coordinated development. Within the IINs system, the coupling level between the innovation environment and GINs is the highest, representing China's advantage in innovation development. The differences in the coupling and synergistic development of China's IINs-GINs are widening, with regional disparities being the main source. The results of this study provide an important reference for comprehensively and objectively understanding the current status of the coupling and coordination between regional and provincial innovation and global innovation development in China, as well as for formulating rational innovation-driven policies to achieve high-quality economic development.
Innovation leadership is the strategic goal of major countries around the world, but traditional theoretical studies have underestimated the strategic role of government in this regard. To address this theoretical gap, this paper takes the Commercial Crew Program as a typical case, adopts an analytical inductive strategy, and puts forward the conceptual model of the government's promotion of innovation leadership. It’s pointed out that the government creates major technological demands in new tracks and fields, adopts the horse-racing method to stimulate the intrinsic kinetic energy of the national innovation system, promotes the emergence of new ideas and routes by building a fair competition method, and nurtures a new generation of globally leading sci-tech enterprises, forming the institutional arrangement of "from the creation of demand to the formation of leading enterprises". Based on this conceptual model, this paper puts forward a number of insights into the new scenario of scientific and technological innovation to improve China's new type of national system and promote China's strategic goal of innovation leadership.
Accurate measurement of technological innovation is of great value for China to achieve sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels. Characteristics of “prominent substantive features” and “obvious progress” of the inventiveness of the technical solution limited by patent claims reflect the inherent connection between “patents” and “technological innovation”. Using the inventiveness of the technical solution limited by patent claims as the theoretical basis for measuring technological innovation, core indicators such as the number and the length of claims, as well as the “characterizing portion” of independent claims and dependent claims, as well as reference indicators such as citation index, family number, maintenance time, transfers number, licenses number, invalidation number, infringements number, applicant type and nationality of patent, are used to construct measurement methods of technological innovation that meet different needs, which to varying degrees improves the accuracy of measuring technological innovation methods based on patent indicators.
Cross border innovation has become an effective way for enterprises to gain competitive advantages and achieve sustainable development. However, due to limitations such as resources, capabilities, and experience, small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises lack understanding of the laws of cross-border innovation and fall into cross-border difficulties. Although there have been studies indicating the direction and motivation of cross-border innovation, the innovation mechanisms and paths have not been clearly defined, making it difficult to provide specific theoretical guidance, and there is still a lack of relevant research on small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the mechanism and path for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to achieve long-term sustainable development through cross-border innovation.
Based on the theory of complex adaptive systems, single case study method was adopted to explore the implementation mechanism and path of cross-border innovation in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, with Shangpinzhaipei as the research object. The research found that: (1)"Stimulus→behavior→result" is the internal mechanism for enterprises to achieve cross-border innovation in a dynamic environment. In the face of environmental stimulation, enterprises form cross-border motivation under the guidance of strategic orientation by detecting and scanning external environmental pressure and market demand, combining with internal resource base and other information, and then adjust their own strategic orientation, which promote the reconfiguration of enterprise capabilities through continuous interaction with the environment;(2) In the process of cross-border innovation, the strategic orientation of enterprises evolves with the upgrading of cross-border driving forces, presenting a transformation from "entrepreneurial orientation→market orientation→technology orientation", and driving the continuous expansion of enterprise boundaries, the shift of focus on knowledge and resource acquisition, and the transformation of enterprises from improving and enhancing existing capabilities to replacing and transforming new capabilities, achieving an evolutionary process of "capability evolution→capability transformation→capability substitution"; (3) With the evolution of capacity reconfiguration, cross-border innovation of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises exhibits an iterative evolution process of "goals from inside to outside, scope from small to large, and depth from shallow to deep". Specifically, with the increasing complexity and adaptability, the cross-border goals of enterprises have gradually upgraded from promoting business growth to meeting consumer needs and reconstructing competitive advantages. The scope and depth of cross-border operations have evolved from simply entering cross industries to extending and innovating the value chain, and then building a digital industrial ecosystem to achieve value co-creation and sharing.
The research conclusion provides theoretical support and practical reference for the cross-border innovation practice of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. Specifically, it can help small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to understand cross-border motivation, and drive cross-border innovation by adjusting strategic orientation, reconfiguiring capabilities and organizational structure. At the same time, the research conclusions can also guide small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to identify cross-border innovation types according to the development stage of enterprises. The above conclusions are helpful for enterprises to dynamically adapt to environmental changes, gradually realize higher-level cross-border innovation, and then achieve long-term sustainable development.
