Abstract: The development power of China's economy in the new era has gradually shifted to be driven by science and technology innovation, which has become the main engine of China's economic and social development. At present, the pilot policy has become a superior public policymaking mechanism with Chinese characteristics, and science and technology innovation pilots have played a leading role in deepening the reform of China's science and technology system. In the process of improving the theory from "growth pole" to "innovation pole", "innovation growth pole" has become a development direction in line with China's reality. In order to realize science and technology innovation-driven development, China has deployed a series of pilot policies in the field of science and technology. However, there is still a lack of systematic analysis on the effectiveness of the implementation of pilot policies on science and technology innovation, and whether the pilots can become innovation growth poles. The study defines the concept and connotation of "innovation growth poles", builds a theoretical framework by combining the political operation logic of STI pilots. Identify and select representative pilot policies on science, technology and innovation, and evaluate and analyze 15 typical pilot policies based on panel data of 274 cities from 2003 to 2020. The study finds that Science, technology and innovation pilot can promote the agglomeration of funds in innovation resources, compared with the systematic assessment, the evaluation of the agglomeration effect of a single pilot policy will exist about 7%-19% overestimation; science and technology innovation pilot can produce significant economic effects in the pilot area, the net effect of a single policy evaluation will still appear about 8%-26% overestimation, while the enhancement of the innovation capacity is the pilot to promote the economic and social development of the region's key path; science and technology innovation pilot has a significant spatial spillover effect, can radiate and drive the economic and social development of neighboring areas. At the same time, the improvement of innovation capacity is the key path for the pilot to promote the economic and social development of the region; the science and technology innovation pilot has a significant spatial spillover effect, which can radiate and drive the economic and social development of neighboring regions. Pilot STI projects implemented in China can become innovation growth poles, and both theoretical and empirical analyses support this view. Pilot S&T innovation projects become innovation growth poles by strengthening their comprehensive advantages through the development mechanism of "gathering innovation resources - innovation-driven economic development - radiation-driven development of neighboring regions". Based on the findings of the study, this paper proposes the idea of science and technology innovation pilots becoming an innovation growth pole, aiming to provide policy insights for improving the policy of science and technology innovation pilots, accelerating the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, and realizing Chinese-style modernization.