Abstract: In the national strategic scientific and technological forces, China's leading technology enterprises and high-level research universities play a leading role in promoting the high-quality development of China's innovation industry, helping to drive more universities and enterprises to innovate and ultimately bring about overall scientific and technological progress in China. It is necessary to study the coupling and coordination of innovation in strategic scientific and technological forces between universities and enterprises, in order to take targeted measures to improve the innovation indicators of high-level research universities and technology leading enterprises, promote innovation cooperation and coordinated development between the two, and enable them to jointly shoulder the innovation mission of national strategic scientific and technological forces. This is of great significance for improving the international competitiveness of China's innovation industry and enhancing the effectiveness of the national innovation system. Using the data of key universities and large and medium-sized high-tech enterprises, the comprehensive measurement index system of scientific and technological innovation level of China's high-level research universities and science and technology leading enterprises is constructed respectively, and the principal component analysis method is used to measure the comprehensive innovation level scores of the two. Then, the macro-level coupling and coordination relationship of the binary system is analyzed by using the coupling and coordination degree model. And further use the grey correlation method to examine the mutual influence between the innovation indicators of key universities and the innovation indicators of leading enterprises in science and technology in detail at the micro index level, namely the impact of various innovation indicators of key universities on the innovation level of technology leading enterprises, as well as the impact of various indicators of the innovation system of technology leading enterprises on the innovation level of high-level research universities, so as to reveal the micro coupling mechanism of the two systems at the index level. The findings of the study are as follows: first, the comprehensive innovation level of China's leading science and technology enterprises and high-level research universities is continuously improving. Second, the two innovation systems of China's leading science and technology enterprises and high-level research universities have gradually transitioned from low-level equilibrium to high-level equilibrium, from extremely uncoordinated to highly coordinated. Third, among the indicators that universities affect enterprises, the impact of scientific research projects, R&D achievements and scientific and technological services is mostly higher; Scientific and technological manpower has less impact than scientific and technological investment. Fourth, among the indicators that enterprises influence universities, foreign trade export has the greatest impact, and technology import has the smallest impact; Human factors and enterprise scale have a greater impact than capital factors. Suggestions: All sectors of society should take measures to promote innovative cooperation between strategic scientific and technological forces of universities and enterprises, and increase the investment in research and development funds of high-level research universities. Science and technology leading enterprises should strengthen cooperation with high-level research universities in scientific research projects, promote the transformation and implementation of scientific research achievements, appropriately expand the size of their own personnel and institutions, and increase foreign trade exports. High-level research universities need to adhere to the strategy of independent innovation.