Abstract: Indigenous firms in developing countries with large domestic markets like China have unique advantages: on the supply side, there are multiple knowledge and technology sources arising from the coexistence of multinational firms and state-owned firms with technologies at the medium-high level and many private firms with technologies at the low level; on the demand side, there are multiple market segments of large size from high-end to low-end. Given the significance of these two industry characteristics for catch-up, technology ladder and market ladder are proposed respectively to reflect the continuity in technology levels and price levels on the whole for firms in an industry. Using panel data analysis for a sample of Chinese manufacturing industries from 2001 to 2007, this study examines how industry structural characteristics (technology ladder and market ladder) and their interactions with technology effort (buy and make) affect productivity catch-up performance. The results indicate that market ladder and technology ladder can accelerate productivity catch-up, and these positive effects are strongest when technology effort intensity in an industry is at a medium level.

摘要： 在以中国为典型的大型后发新兴经济体中，本土企业的追赶具有独特的后发优势：供给端存在连续的技术层级，需求端具备多层次的市场空间。本研究提出技术梯度、市场梯度两个构念，用以反映大型新兴经济体追赶中技术维和市场维的独特产业情境特征，并探索其对产业间追赶绩效差异的解释力。基于中国制造业26个行业2001-2007年的面板数据，检验了技术梯度、市场梯度以及它们与技术努力强度的交互作用对追赶绩效的影响。结果表明：技术梯度和市场梯度对产业追赶绩效均有着显著的促进作用；相较于技术努力强度较大或较小的情况，在技术努力强度适中的产业里，技术梯度和市场梯度对追赶绩效的影响更强。该发现对产业追赶具有重要理论和现实意义。