Abstract: Does ChatGPT signal an "intelligent revolution"? It is urgent to make a systematic analysis. In this paper, starting from the evaluation of ChatGPT's innovation effects, the comparative analysis found that it belongs to progressive innovation and disruptive innovation in the series of OpenAI products; Compared with similar competitive products, it is indeed a breakthrough innovation and subversive technological innovation. In contrast to AI in China, ChatGPT has become an important part of the "bottleneck" technology system. It is found that ChatGPT, as a "production tool", forms a paradigm revolution in the supply of productivity tools in the field of artificial intelligence. At the same time, it also realizes the paradigm change of AI ethical governance. The organizational structural elements generated for ChatGPT can be traced back to the organizational mission of OpenAI, the flat project-oriented organization, the financing mechanism innovation with limited returns, and the efficient coupling of open source and crowdsourcing R&D organizational solution in the process of AI ModelOps. These findings lay a solid foundation for further research on ChatGPT's political, economic, and social impacts and related technological governance.

摘要： 大模型ChatGPT出现是否预示着“智能革命”？亟待对其进行系统性分析。本文首先从ChatGPT的创新效果评估出发，比较分析发现，在OpenAI的系列产品中属于渐进性创新和破坏式创新；而相较于同类竞品而言，确为突破性创新和颠覆性技术创新。而对比中国，ChatGPT事实上已经成为“卡脖子”技术体系的重要一环。继而进行技术体系解构式分析发现，作为“生产工具”，ChatGPT形成了人工系统领域的生产工具供给的范式革命；同时也实现了人工智能伦理治理的范式变革。追根溯源，ChatGPT产生的组织结构性要素恰恰来源于OpenAI的组织使命及围绕其构建的扁平化项目导向型组织和有限回报的融资机制创新，并在人工智能模型工程化过程中高效耦合开源与众包的研发组织模式。上述研究发现为后续关于ChatGPT引致的政治、经济、社会影响及其相关的技术治理夯实了研究基础。