Abstract: Under the driving force of digital innovation, the ecological competition trend of emerging industries is deepening. Building emerging industry innovation ecosystems and conducting scientific and effective strategic management is of great significance to enhance the international competitiveness of China’s industries. However, the existing strategic management theories lack sufficient attention to China’s industrial context and digital context. Based on the comprehensive advantage theory, this study takes China’s new energy vehicle industry as a longitudinal case and explores the formation mechanism of the comprehensive advantage of emerging industry innovation ecosystem. The results show that: (1) the ecosystem experiences the three evolution stages of digital innovation “competence storage period – empowerment periods – competence expansion period”, and has formed the comprehensive advantages with different characteristics through “strategic change – strategic upgrading – strategic transition” at each evolution stage; (2) in terms of the driving forces and strategic paths, the formation of the comprehensive advantage is driven collectively by China’s unique institutional, technological and market contexts, and develops cyclically along the strategic paths of “dominant advantage selection – core competence cultivation – comprehensive advantage formation”; (3) accompanied with the dynamic selection of dominant advantages between “digital resources – digital platforms – digital ecosystems”, the ecosystem has cultivated the core competence of “distributed innovation competence”, “recombination innovation competence” and “cross-border integration innovation competence” in turn, and has promoted the synchronous formation and continuous evolution of comprehensive advantage manifested in a “multi-point breakthrough – platform empowerment – ecological integration” overall trend. Based on the above conclusions, this study finally constructs the theoretical framework of the formation mechanism of the comprehensive advantage of emerging industrial innovation ecosystem. Meanwhile, considering that the industrial digital reformation is still in a dynamic wave, future research should continue to track the strategic changes of emerging industries and refine a new round of comprehensive advantage strategy cycle, thus improving the theoretical framework with higher contextual adaptability and strategic guidance value. In terms of the theoretical contributions, this study helps to facilitate the cross integration of multiple theoretical fields, enrich the competitive strategy research of innovation ecosystems at the industry-level, advance the indigenous strategic management theories in the digital context, and realize the multi-dimensional expansion of the comprehensive advantage theory at the levels of “enterprise – cluster – industry – industry innovation ecosystem”. In a practical sense, this study may provide three aspects of implications for China’s digital innovation practice, industrial strategic planning, and policy system optimization. First, the industrial management departments should implement differentiated comprehensive advantage strategies according to the specific types of emerging industries. The three strategic paths revealed in this study may provide valuable reference for the strategic planning of emerging industries in different regions, industrial types and evolution stages. Second, innovative enterprises, as core members of the emerging industry innovation ecosystem, should take advantage of the digital resource endowment and platform empowerment to accelerate the cooperation and integrated innovation with more digital ecological partners. Third, the government should speed up the construction of the digital innovation policy system, and enhance the complementarity, context adaptability and process coherence of the innovation policy mixes.

摘要： 构建新兴产业创新生态系统并进行有效战略管理，对提升产业国际竞争力具有重要意义，但现有研究缺乏对我国产业情境和数字化情境的充分关注。基于综合优势理论，以我国新能源汽车产业为例，探索新兴产业创新生态系统综合优势形成机理。研究发现：系统经历数字化创新“蓄能期—赋能期—扩能期”演化；基于我国制度、技术、市场情境的特色驱动机制，系统沿“主导优势选择—核心能力培育—综合优势形成”的战略路径循环发展；伴随主导优势“数字资源—数字平台—数字生态系统”动态选择，系统依次培育分布式创新、重组创新和跨界融合创新的核心能力，并促进综合优势同步形成与持续演化。研究旨在推动本土战略管理理论创新，丰富产业创新生态系统竞争战略研究，并为新兴产业创新战略及政策提供启示。