Abstract:  One country’s independent innovation has its own characteristics quite different from another one’s, because of different economic power, economic structure, politic system, scientific and technologic reality, social culture and historical tradition, and so on in countries all over of the world. In China, the way of independent innovation is to create a new system for scientific and technologic innovation by combining the advantages of both the market and the government, to move innovation on first and step by step, and to make small enterprises take a leading role. As a result, the innovative culture contains both individualism and collectivism. Thus this way develops the Chinese characteristics of independent innovation as the following: comparative advantage strategy, a new nationwide system, introducing , digesting and overlapping innovation for domestic market, new research institutions, a local competitive mechanism. For the future innovation in China, some elements of Chinese culture should be emphasized, such as sticking to disruptive innovation of national brand, comprehensive management based on the Chinese culture, hidden innovation based on the talent power.

摘要： 一个国家自主创新之所以表现出不同于其他国家的“特色”，是因为每个国家的经济实力、经济结构、政治制度、科技条件、社会文化、历史传统不同。中国自主创新道路基本特色是实行市场和政府相结合的科技创新体制，渐进创新先行，小企业担当重任，创新文化既有集体主义也有个人主义。中国自主创新道路鲜明特色是：比较优势战略，新型举国体制，引进消化叠加国内市场型创新，新型研发机构，地方竞争机制。未来中国自主创新应增添一些优势特色，譬如着眼民族品牌的颠覆性创新，基于中华文化的综合式创新，基于人才大国的隐性创新。