Abstract: Knowledge output is an important part of the national innovation ability and papers written by research fellows contribute a lot to the knowledge output. Using a time-using survey of research fellow, we analysis the influence of human capital, research funding and the institutional factors. Then under the control of these variables, we study the relationship of time using and the output of papers. It is found that the S&T policy for increasing the number of papers should not stimulate researchers to input much more time.

摘要： 以论文为主要内容的知识产出能力是国家创新能力的基础。本文利用全国科技工作者时间利用调查数据，在控制住影响科研人员论文产出的人力资本、课题经费和制度环境等因素的基础上分析了科研时间投入对论文的影响，提出以提高论文产出为目标的科技政策不应当把激励科研人员增加时间投入为主要手段。

关键词: 时间利用, 科研效率, 科研人员, Time-using, Research Productivity, Researcher