Abstract: Based on a sample survey of science and technology personnel at the universities, research institutions and enterprises R & D institutions, it is found that the main problems in the government awards are administrative intervention too much, unreal of award list and linking to personal interests too tight. The main problems in the social S & T awards are that scientists pay less attention and low influence power. There are the main reasons that the current evaluation system is not reasonable, relevant audit mechanism is missing and the punishment to the fraud is too small. According to the survey results, related policy suggestions on the system of Chinese science and technology award system are raised in the end.

摘要： 对高等院校、科研机构和企业研发机构一线科技工作者的抽样问卷调查结果显示：行政干预过多、奖励人员名单不实以及与个人利益挂钩太紧是是当前我国政府科技奖励中的主要问题，而社会科技奖励中的主要问题是科学家不重视以及影响力不强。当前评价体系的不合理、相关监督审核机制不到位以及造假发现后的惩罚力度太小其主要原因。根据调查结果，文章提出了改进我国科技奖励体系的政策建议。

关键词: 科技奖励, 科技工作者, 问题与原因, 认知与建议, S&T Awards, Science and Technology Personnel, Problems and Reasons, Suggestion