Abstract: The role of Market-oriented reforms on China’s economic growth is obvious, but its impact on the practice of corporate innovation is not clear. Based on the research and development data of China’s high-tech industry during 1999 to 2011, this paper applies fixed-effect stochastic frontier model proposed by Green(Green (2005) and Spatial Panel Han-Philips Linear Dynamic Regression to test whether market–oriented reforms have significantly effects on R&D efficiency, and further analysis the role of State-owned economy and industry protection policies which may affect the effectiveness of market forces. The results show that (1) the R&D efficiency of China’s high-tech industry has improved steadily and converged between regions in the process in the process of market-oriented reforms, (2)more importantly, our study find that market-oriented reforms not only is an important driving force to improve R&D efficiency of China’s high-tech enterprises, but also is an important institutional factor to promote the regional convergence of R&D efficiency; (3)State-owned economy and industry protection policies significantly weakened the capacity of market forces to shape the R&D efficiency, market forces not only cannot play the role of enhancing R&D efficiency in the state-owned economy and the protected industries, but also may have reduced the efficiency.

摘要： 市场化改革对中国经济增长的贡献可谓是有目共睹, 但其对企业创新实践的影响尚不得而知. 本文借助1999-2011年中国省际高新技术产业层面的研发数据, 运用Green(2005)提出的固定效应随机前沿模型和空间面板数据Han-Philips线性动态回归模型分别检验了市场化改革对中国企业研发效率动态增进和空间演进的潜在影响. 基于产业维度的核算结果表明, 中国企业研发效率在市场化进程中呈现稳步提升的动态增进趋势和“滚雪球”式加速区域收敛的空间演进趋势. 更为重要的是, 经验证据还揭示出市场化改革不仅是推动中国企业研发效率持续动态增进的背后驱动力量, 还是促进中国各省区企业研发效率趋于加速收敛的重要制度因素.