Abstract: Trans-gene product golden rice is viewed as a gift for the needy at first but confront resistance during marketing.This can be due to(a)the ontological aspect:golden rice has been failing to response to the ethical dilemma of “profit-gain” gene product and it tried to tackle institutional famine with the means applied to simple famine;(b)the society aspect:translation chain of agencies is inappropriately loaded with interest-related aims, “free rider” phenomenon, economical and industry risk that may threat peasants and so on.So only after golden rice’s being surrounded with enough consideration can it become a real gift. Key Words:golden rice; gift; bio-piracy

摘要： 转基因产品黄金大米是一种可救助困顿人群的礼物，却遭遇推广的重重阻力。这是由于：（1）本体层面上，黄金大米尚未有力回应作为增益性基因产品的文化质疑，以及它用解决单纯饥荒的思维难以对抗现实中具体而复杂的制度性饥荒；（2）社会层面，推广者构成的转译网络中不适当的利益觊觎、搭便车行为、新种子带来的经济和规则风险潜在威胁地方农业和农民的利益等。这表明，我们需要辅以多角度的审慎考量，这样才能使黄金大米之类的转基因食品真正发挥造福全人类之礼物功效，消除普罗米修斯之惑。