Abstract: How to make listed firms increase R & D investment in energy conservation to protect the ecological environment and enhance the product life cycle cost control through institutional arrangements and intrinsic motivation is becoming more and more important today in the case of China’s rapid economic development. Based on the Chinese manufacturing data from 2011 to 2013, this article systematically examines the influence of government pressure and tax preference on the R & D of Chinese local firms. Through the theoretical model, this paper analyzes the mechanism of government pressure and tax preference alone and commonly influences the R&D of Chinese local firms and uses data to test. We find that firms disclosure R&D investment information and R&D intensity are increasing year after year, and that operated in high-tech industries, have higher state ownership, have higher environmental regulation tend to make R&D information disclosure and have a higher level of R&D intensity. However, Pollution bring “crowding-out” effect, those environmentally sensitive industries tend to have lower level of R&D information disclosure and R&D intensity; Tax policy is an important factor in the impact of R & D investment, enterprise income tax incentives bring more R&D investment than added-value tax do; The impact of government pressure on R&D investment is more significant than tax policy.

Key words: Firm R&, D Investment

摘要： 如何通过制度安排和内在激励促使企业加大基于节能减排、资源循环利用等方面的研发投入是保护环境、加强产品全生命周期成本控制的重要举措。本文以中国制造业上市公司2011-2013年的数据为样本，研究政府压力与税收激励两个因素单独及共同对企业研发投入的影响。我们发现，披露研发投入信息的企业数量和研发投入强度逐年提高，来自国家科技政策、节能减排、能耗管理等方面的政府政策压力对企业研发活动存在促进作用，而来自污染治理方面的政府政策压力对企业的研发投入存在挤出效应；税收政策是影响企业研发投入的重要因素，企业所得税税收优惠政策较增值税更能促进企业研发投入；税收政策的激励效应弱于政府压力对企业研发投入的影响。