Abstract: Alliance firms’ knowledge generation strategies include knowledge creation within firm boundaries and knowledge acquisition from partners. Based on knowledge-based view and transaction cost economics, this paper examines how co-opetition influences firms’ knowledge generation strategies and how organizational ambidexterity (exploration and exploitation) interacts with co-opetition to affect knowledge generation strategies. Survey data from alliance firms in China demonstrate that exploration and exploitation influence the relationship between co-opetition and knowledge generation strategies in different ways. In particular, the moderating effect of both exploration and exploitation on co-opetition and knowledge creation is not significant. However, the moderating effect of exploitation on the relationship between co-opetition and knowledge acquisition is more significant than that of exploration. The results provide advices for alliance firms to choose effective knowledge generation strategies.

摘要： 内部知识创造和从合作伙伴处获取新知识是联盟企业知识生成（knowledge generation）的两种基本策略。以知识基础理论和交易成本经济学为基础，探讨伙伴间竞合对联盟企业知识生成策略选择的影响，以及联盟企业的组织双元性（探索与应用）对上述关系的调节作用。基于国内205家联盟企业双份数据的实证分析结果表明，组织双元性对竞合与联盟企业知识生成策略之间的关系有着不同的影响。具体来说，相比较探索而言，应用活动能更加有效地促进联盟企业利用竞合关系以获取更多的伙伴知识；但无论联盟企业更倾向于探索还是应用活动，均不影响竞合对企业内部知识创造的促进作用。研究结论为联盟企业有效选择知识生成策略提供了理论和实践指导。