Abstract: Regulatory science is a kind of practice which can provide an insight into the pathway from limited scientific evidences to the formation of standard or policy during a certain period and often be employed in ecological,environmental and public health arena.Back-regulation refers to the phenomenon that China’s following WHO PM2.5 IT-1 standard preceded domestic research and land-based regulation.So only when back-regulation process embraces principles ‘good science’,‘usable science’ and ‘whose science’,can PM2.5 standard itself facilitates safeguarding public health,environment protection and green development substantially.

摘要： 规制性科学是指，在一定期限内，利用有限的科学证据制定标准，常见于生态、环境和公共卫生领域。我国在对雾霾中可吸入颗粒物PM2.5的标准制定中，出现了一种特殊的“反向规制”——对于雾霾的成因、现状、病理效应尚未有充分认知时，首先直接沿用世界卫生组织设定的PM2.5最宽限值，再逐渐开展针对我国雾霾限值的科学研究。反向规制因其过程的倒置性，只有在“好的科学”、“可用的科学”、“为谁的科学”这三个方面作出比常规规制更为严格的考量，才能承担起其本身负载的认知和伦理双重承诺，使我国PM2.5标准以实质的方式服务于公众健康、环境保护和绿色发展。