Abstract: Facing severe resource disadvantage, it is difficult for new firms to survive in the emerging industry. Previous studies on how enterprises can break through the resource constraints, develop the opportunity successfully and construct the competitive advantage are lack of depth inspection. Based on this, the research conducts a multi-case study with three state-owned new energy automobile firms to reveal the inner mechanism of competitive advantage construction and propose the theoretical model of entrepreneurial opportunity-resource development behavior. The results are that owing to the state-owned parent company, initial resource drives the effectuation bricolage with the resource at hand and network bricolage. In addition, effectuation bricolage promotes the opportunity identification, network bricolage advances the opportunity exploitation and then constructs the start-up competitive advantage.

摘要： 新企业往往面临较强的资源劣势，因而难以在新兴产业中立足。现有研究对新兴产业中新企业如何突破资源约束、成功开发创业机会进而构建竞争优势的内在机理仍缺乏深入考察。基于此，选取三家具有国企背景的新能源汽车新企业进行多案例分析，揭示在新能源汽车产业的独特情境下，具有国企背景的新企业竞争优势的构建机理，并由此提出机会-资源一体化创业行为的理论模型。研究发现：（1）初始资源禀赋驱动了新企业进行手段导向型资源拼凑以及社会网络型资源拼凑；（2）新企业主要通过基于现有资源的手段导向型资源拼凑推动了机会识别行为；（3）新企业主要借助社会网络型资源拼凑促进了创业机会的利用，进而构筑了新企业竞争优势。