Professor Zhao Hongzhou has been away for 20 years. In his short academic career, he wroted books, endeavoured to seek knowledge up and down, put forward a series of new concepts and original theories. He has made outstanding contributions to the development of Scientometrics and Science of Science in China. In this article, using scientific metrology, which is the methods he advocated in his whole life, we analyzed his papers and citation of his papers, and showed the results in statistical and visual method. Through the above analysis, we show readers a more clear and vivid scientometrics pioneer image. We found that many of his theories discovered, research methods and attitude, his knowledge of international vision and width and his proposed policy Suggestions and recommendations are far beyond his era. Meanwhile, those are the most precious spiritual heritage that he left us.
The representative work of Mr. Zhao Hong-zhou, namely An Introduction to the Study of Social Capacity for Science, was the integration of his ten years hard work exploring in the frontier of the study of social capacity for science since he devoted himself to the research in science of science. This achievement not only embodied the valuable exploration he had ever made in constructing the framework of that subdiscipline, but also drove many newborn subdisciplines in science of science foreward, such as scientometrics and the science of scientists.
In modern society, Evaluation is playing an important role in human activities. Thus it is badly in need of sum and prospect from the perspective of science of science. The Evaluation study has been developing at a rapid speed for nearly four decades, but it still has some problems: not carrying on the research profoundly and systematically, lacking meta-question study and subject construction awareness. In order to promote Evaluation science, we need to make great efforts to enhance the meta-question study, establish relevant academic journals, add Evaluation subdiscipline to the subjects of national higher education enrollment and borrow ideas from the development of some similar subjects, such as management subject.
In this paper, we measures TFP of 89 China's Regional Banks by Malmquist- Luenberger productivity index. Based on this, we explore the effects of technological finance on Banks' TFP. The results show that: as a results of threshold effect, higher technological finance have a significant positive effect on Banks' TFP, lower technological finance have a negative effect on Banks' TFP. Technological finance have a significant positive effect on Banks' TFP in East Central China, but a negative effect in Western Central China. Strategic investor also influence the effect from technological finance to Banks' TFP. A bank is easier to enjoy the benefit from technological finance with the following characteristics: (1)Younger board member; (2)Less Monopolization; (3)Trans regional management; (4)Better innovation ability on business; (5)Better business diversification; (6)Better cost control capability. Suggestions are given according to the conclusions.
Using the panel data of China’s 30 provinces between 2002 and 2014, this paper firstly employs super-efficiency DEA model to measure the R&D efficiency of each province. Secondly, selecting the R&D expenditure input intensity and government funds on R&D as indicators to quantify the regional R&D fairness, we establish Markov chain model and put China’s regional R&D fairness and efficiency into the united analysis framework where we compare the Matthew effect of them and build up implementing paths of their coordinated development. The results indicate that the Matthew effect of R&D fairness is more pronounced. Those districts which get heavy R&D funds constantly get ample funds, whereas most districts are invariably suffering from the embarrassment of lack of R&D expenditure. Therefore, more importance should be attached to the problem of R&D fairness. This paper concludes that the government should focus more on the district of low-input but high-efficiency and increase R&D expenditure on them which can not only weaken the Matthew effect of fairness but can also maintain the coordinated development of the regional R&D fairness and efficiency in China.
At national level, using gross expenditure on R&D (GERD) and researchers in full-time equivalents (RFTE) as S&T (scientific and technical) input, with high cited papers and triadic patents as S&T output respectively, it is revealed that C-D production function, CES production function and VES production function show strong correlations between S&T input and paper output, but show relatively weak explanatory ability to the data variation of S&T input and patent output. Based on the analysis of output elasticity and returns to scale, it is pointed out that neither excess input of GERD nor that of RFTE is conducive to increasing paper output or patent output and that model select also plays an important role. For improving the performance of scale, it is suggested to adjust dynamically S&T input referring to the equation φEGERD+ψERFTE=1 on the premise of grasping the specific relationship between paper output and patent output.
Based on a nationwide sample survey data, this paper explores the income disparity of R & D Personnel in China for the first time at the national level, using the measuring tools such as Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and Theil index. The results show that the income of researchers in China is relatively high in the whole society, and the income gap is not big in comparison with the residents, especially the distribution of the income of researchers in universities is the most average. From the perspective of unit type, region, professional field and professional title, the title has the greatest contribution to the income gap of Chinese researchers, followed by the professional field, and then the regional and unit type.
Facing severe resource disadvantage, it is difficult for new firms to survive in the emerging industry. Previous studies on how enterprises can break through the resource constraints, develop the opportunity successfully and construct the competitive advantage are lack of depth inspection. Based on this, the research conducts a multi-case study with three state-owned new energy automobile firms to reveal the inner mechanism of competitive advantage construction and propose the theoretical model of entrepreneurial opportunity-resource development behavior. The results are that owing to the state-owned parent company, initial resource drives the effectuation bricolage with the resource at hand and network bricolage. In addition, effectuation bricolage promotes the opportunity identification, network bricolage advances the opportunity exploitation and then constructs the start-up competitive advantage.
The innovation cluster area integrates a large number of innovation subjects, and provides an excellent network of innovation resources for technology entrepreneurship. This paper explored the mechanism by which technology start-ups’ resource heterogeneity promoting network routine established, and further acquiring network resources. The moderating effects of innovation cluster have also been tested. On the basis of the related literature, the proposed theoretical hypotheses’ model was empirical tested by means of a questionnaire survey conducted on 417 start-ups and Multiple Linear Regression．The results indicated that, in the three dimensions of resource heterogeneity, scarcity and imitating difficulty significantly affect the network routine establishment. Network routine has showed different effects on acquiring results of different type resources. The tacit understanding in cognitive and action levels obviously improved the efficiency of knowledge capital acquisition, but not for asset resources. The innovation cluster effects positively moderated the relationship between "resource heterogeneity – network routine establishment - knowledge resource acquisition".
Abstract: Both architecture upgradation and service innovation are strategic drivers to advance platform ecosystem evolution, and their effects on platform development and required inputs exhibit significantly discrepancy. By analyzing the relationship between capital investment and implementation effects of the two development strategies, this paper constructs platform owners’ capital-profit function and users’ capital-utility function, then applies game theory and numerical calculation method to investigate the platform dominant development strategy choice problem. Results have shown that: (1) combination strategy of architecture upgradation and service innovation is better than any single platform development strategy being used; (2) platform companies' choice of development strategy is influenced by the whole industry characteristics, but is irrelevant to its market status in the industry; (3) when platform companies design their development strategies, they should emphasize on reducing sellers’ development cost for architecture upgradation strategy and improving buyers’ interaction utilities for service innovation strategy. These results provide ideas and guidelines for platform company’s managers to trade off and design platform development strategy.
This paper divides the eco-innovation investment structure optimization into two levels of innovation depth based on the enterprise eco-innovation type, using stochastic optimal control analysis method and being parameterized the role of green finance, and reveal the important mechanism that dynamic optimal decision of enterprise eco-innovation investment and green financial market development promote structure optimization of the eco-innovation investment and provides the simulation results. So green finance is the necessary condition for the optimization of eco-innovation investment structure but not the sufficient condition, and green finance plays a role in the structural optimization by mitigating the tightening of corporate green capital, regulating the eco-innovation of enterprises, innovating the risk and income structure, and influencing the decision function of enterprises. It has important theoretical and practical significance that green finance and environmental policy designing well and cooperating effectively guide and educate enterprises, and promote the positive evolution of enterprise eco-innovation culture.
From the perspective of technology strategy and innovation economics, this paper analyzes the influence of technological diversification on the persistence of firm’s innovation, and then conducts an empirical test based on a sample of Chinese manufacturing listed firms from the year of 2006 to 2014. The result shows that, technological diversification has a positive influence on firm’s persistent innovation; both related technological diversification and exploitative technological diversification have a positive influence on firm’s persistent innovation, but explorative technological diversification has a negative influence on the persistence of firm’s innovation input. The synergy between related technological diversification and unrelated technological diversification has a positive influence on the persistence of firm’s innovation. However, firm conducts explorative technological diversification and exploitative technological diversification simultaneously will be harmful to its persistent innovation. The paper also finds the different moderating effects of product diversification and complementary assets on the relationship between technological diversification and persistent innovation.
As innovation plays an increasingly important role in firm growth and sustained competitive advantage, many firms are engaged in multiple partnerships, forming or enter portfolios of alliances. Alliance Portfolio which are commonly defined as ego-Centered network organization, that are comprised of not only a focal firm’s direct ties to each of its alliance partners, but also its indirect ties to partners of the firm’s direct partners. Previous research has shown that many of the dimensions of alliance portfolio emergence, diversity, performance, configuration and management. But has few analyzed how alliance portfolio network dimensions affect innovative capability. In fact, our review of the literature by establishing a comprehensive of alliance portfolio that incorporates network characteristics, focused on network status, network relationship, resource flow, governance and hypotheses were tested these constructs with respect to innovation capability. Results from the data analysis show that network status and network relationship has a significant influence on resource flow and governance, positive effects on innovation capability. The results also indicate that resource flow has significant impact on innovation capability. But under different network type of Alliance Portfolio ratio coefficients between governance and innovation capability significantly change, density increased in network can cause loss of efficient.
