Abstract: To ensure the success of R&D cooperation, it is vital to reduce opportunistic behaviors within it. This study investigates the relationships between control mechanisms and opportunistic behaviors in R&D cooperation. It finds that both relationships of contract control and trust control to opportunistic behaviors are negative. Moreover, the relationship between contract control and opportunistic behaviors is positively moderated by technologic difference and managerial difference between partners; but that of trust control to opportunistic behaviors is negatively moderated by both types of differences. The findings identify key inhibiting factors for opportunistic behaviors in R&D cooperation and advance our understanding on the implications of control mechanisms. Moreover, the findings can guide firms design control mechanisms to reduce opportunistic behaviors and ensure the success of R&D cooperation.

摘要： 避免合作研发中出现的机会主义行为是实现合作研发目标的重要保证。本文关注合作研发的控制机制与机会主义行为的关系，及合作研发伙伴间的技术差异和管理差异对该关系的调节作用。研究发现：契约控制和信任控制都可以减少合作研发中的机会主义行为。同时，契约控制对机会主义行为的抑制作用在技术差异和管理差异大时会被削弱，而信任控制的抑制作用在技术差异和管理差异大时会更加重要。本文识别出可以抑制合作研发中机会主义行为的要素，并丰富了对控制机制的价值和有效性的认识。同时，本文还可以指导企业针对合作研发伙伴间差异这一情境，设计控制机制来减少合作研发中的机会主义行为，进而促进合作研发目标的实现。