Abstract: In the latter half of the 20th century, science and social order are more closely co-produced together, that is, the fact-producing and nature reshaping process in human practices are closely intertwined with the process of social order-building and social norms-constructing How scientific knowledge and social order are specifically established in the process? And how does cultural and social factors play a role in the process? Since the 1970s, scholars have already attempted to make explanations based on various researches, disclosing patterns of constitutive and interactional co-production, co-producing instruments and important factors, such as civic epistemologies, sociotechnical imaginaries, and constitutionalism. In the past decade, the theory of co-production has gradually become more sophisticated, constituting the core theory and a new research turn in the field of Science and Technology Studies, providing a powerful theoretical framework for analyzing the knowledge society and knowledge politics. The theory is still in need of being further developed by more extensive empirical and comparative studies.

摘要： 20世纪后半叶，科学与社会秩序的共生现象凸显，即人类实践生产事实、重塑自然的过程与形成社会秩序和规范的过程紧密交织。共生过程中科学知识与社会秩序如何确立彼此？共生通过哪几个方面而实现？共生受到哪些文化与社会因素的影响？自20世纪70年代起，学者们先后从构成性共生、互动性共生来研究，贾萨诺夫又明确提出共生理论和秩序工具以及公民认识论、社会技术意象和法治主义等概念，加以解释。近十年间，共生理论逐步成型，成为新兴交叉学科科学技术论（Science & Technology Studies）的核心理论，为分析知识社会和知识政治提供了理论框架。目前，该理论有待更广泛的经验性比较研究来加以完善。

关键词: 科学技术论, 知识, 科学, 社会秩序, 共生