Abstract: Cooperative innovation project is an important basic unit of open innovation. Based on the survey data from 209 innovation projects of high-tech enterprises, this paper investigates the impact of co-exploitation and co-exploration on innovation performance at different project stages, as well as the moderation role of appropriability mechanisms. The finding suggests that co-exploitation has a positive impact on innovation performance in both early stage and late stage of project, while co-exploration has a positive impact on innovation performance only during the early stage. The formal appropriability mechanism negatively moderates the relationship between co-exploitation and innovation performance in the early stage of the project, while having a positively moderates such relationship in the late stage of the project. The informal appropriability mechanism positively moderates the relationship between co-exploration and innovation performance in the early stage of the project.

摘要： 合作创新项目是开放式创新的重要载体和基本单元。基于来自高技术企业209个创新项目的问卷调查数据，探索在项目不同阶段，二元式创新合作对创新绩效的影响机理，以及专有化机制使用强度的调节作用。实证结果表明，利用式创新合作在项目前期和后期，均促进了项目创新绩效；探索式创新合作仅在项目前期对创新绩效产生正向影响；正式专有化机制强度负向调节利用式创新合作在项目前期与创新绩效的关系，正向调节其在项目后期与创新绩效的关系；非正式专有化机制强度正向调节探索式创新合作在项目前期与创新绩效之间的关系。研究拓展和深化了二元创新合作理论，对于推动创新合作项目科学决策、促进长期可持续创新具有重要启示。