Abstract: Mode innovation plays a critical role in the process of innovation. Regarding the scientific data sharing mechanism, the mode innovation gets attention in China increasingly. The sharing of scientific data has tight relationship with its property relations and commodity attributes, which have decided who will be included in or excluded from sharing and using the scientific data. Accordingly, a balanced and proper mechanism of stakeholders is crucial to run the data sharing. At present, the scientific data sharing is mainly ‘government-orientated’ or ‘government-market orientated’. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages, and have created tremendous profits in different ways. Besides, the mode of Third-party providing the data sharing service, oriented by the market, is getting more popular recently. A data sharing platform, set up by Zhongguancun Nephrology & Blood Purification Innovation Alliance in Beijing, is an example for summarizing and analyzing the mode of scientific data sharing and operation mechanism by the Third-party providing the data sharing service. This mode has its specialty in organizing the interested participants, establishing the platform, running the operation system and balancing the interests of different stakeholders in the process of scientific data sharing. Here are some lessons could be drawn from the study on the mode of scientific data sharing undertook by the industry and technology alliance, or the Third-party providing data sharing service. First of all, the content of the shared scientific data is more pertinent and targeted, which is totally oriented by the market and the interested participants. Secondly, the framework and operating system of scientific data sharing is established by more professional staffs and experts from one industry. By this arrangement, the mode has connected participants from different regions, departments and organizations, through the whole industrial chain. Thirdly, this mode concerns more about the balance of stakeholders’ interests and the protection of the intellectual property, in order to utilize the data more efficiently and effectively in a proper way. Finally, this mode emphases the standard and quality of the data and the collection process, which assure the stakeholders and users accurate and truthful data. This kind of mode can become reference for the mode innovation of operation mechanism of scientific data sharing in China in future, with its special development and practical experience discussed above. A proper mode of scientific data should start from the real demands of stakeholders in the market and industry. In this mode, stakeholders’ rights, duties and profits should be well-designed and arranged. Furthermore, a normalized, standardized and qualified scientific data will satisfy the users and their works more. These aspects above will guarantee a constant and sustainable development of data sharing.

摘要： 模式创新在创新中扮演着重要角色。我国科学数据共享运行机制模式的创新一直备受关注。科学数据的本质属性和共享存在着紧密的联系,它决定了谁可以在其中共享和使用数据。平衡且合理的相关利益者机制是保证数据共享能够成功进行的重要机制之一。目前，“政府主导”和“政府和市场主导相结合”是国内外科学数据共享的两种主要模式。这两种模式都具有各自不同的优缺点，以不同的方式产生了可观的收益。以市场为主导，第三方机构提供服务的模式也逐渐兴起并开始流行。中关村肾病血液净化创新联盟搭建的数据共享平台,为总结和分析我国第三方机构提供数据共享服务的模式和运行机制提供了借鉴。这种模式在科学数据共享组织参与、搭建平台、运营操作、平衡利益等方面有着自己的独特之处。其发展和实践经验可作为我国数据共享机制模式创新发展的参考。