Abstract: Since the 21st century,emerging technologies have shown a penetrating intervention on human subjectivity and ecosystem,which has caused two social dilemmas:first,the innovative development of science and technology has been involved in experimentation into the society,breaking the linear dichotomy between knowledge production and knowledge application,so we should advocate the combination of knowledge production and governance effectiveness,and reshape the paradigm of social experiment for science and technology governance;second,the uncertainty of science and technology weakens the robustness of the construction of the realistic order,the priority of rational legislation and the authority of empirical knowledge as the basis of decision-making are challenged,and the effectiveness of the traditional code of conduct in the new social situation is constrained,so it is necessary to seek a new mechanism for sustainable development of human beings through efficient exploratory social experiment,and therefore we should advocate a science and technology governance concept of reflective development.

摘要： 21世纪以来，新兴技术显现出对人类主体性与生态系统的渗透性干预，引发了两方面的社会困境：一是科技创新性发展向社会涉入了实验性，打破了知识生产与知识应用的线性两分法，对此应倡导知识生产与治理效用的结合，重塑面向科技治理的社会实验范式；二是科技的不确定性削弱了现实秩序建构的稳健性，理性立法的优先性与经验知识作为决策基础的权威性受到挑战，传统的行为规范在新社会情境下的行动效力受到约束，需要通过高效率的探索性社会实验寻求人类可持续发展的新机制，为此应倡导一种反思性发展的科技治理理念。