Abstract: Brain science is the forefront of modern science and technology development, which brings important ethical and social problems. Ethical and social issues are an important part of brain science programs. The Human Brain Project of European Union (HBP) is an example of integrating ethical and social issues into the whole program, and some of its approaches are innovative and instructive. This paper discusses the ethical governance of the HBP from the aspects of the idea, structure design, ethical governance mechanism and important research issues, summarizes its success factors, and puts forward some references for the scientific and technological ethical governance of China's brain science program and other fields.

摘要： 脑科学是当代科学技术发展的前沿，带来了重要的伦理与社会问题。国际上脑科学计划都把伦理与社会问题作为其中重要的一部分。欧盟脑科学计划（HBP）是把伦理与社会问题整合到整个计划中的一个典范，其一些做法具有创新性和启发意义。这篇论文从理念、结构设计、伦理治理机制和开展的重要问题研究等方面，对欧盟脑科学计划的伦理治理做了探讨，总结其成功要素，提出了对中国脑科学计划的科技伦理治理及其他领域的科技治理可以借鉴之处