Abstract: Contemporary science and technology have shown unprecedented institutionalized characteristics. A new notion of “institutionalized science research” is introduced in the context of policy necessary, and its distinctive characteristics are explored from historical logic, theoretical logic, and empirical logic. This study demonstrates that the history of scientific development is also the history of scientific knowledge production and scientific institutional evolution. Improving the efficiency of scientific research is the intrinsic motivation for the evolution of institutionalized science. Knowledge production mode II cannot be simply used as a basis for the transformation of research institutes. Knowledge innovation advances by interaction in the two-way as highly split and integration of scientific disciplines, which reflects the evolution of institutionalized science research. The knowledge system shapes matching research organization. The knowledge domains that play a leading role in the knowledge system architecture are different, forming a macro dynamic evolution of institutionalized science research history. As revealed by the experience of some famous scientific research institutions, scientific research innovation is not achieved in isolation, but requires an interaction between science, technology, and instrument development. Mutual support between traditional and cutting-edge disciplines is also important. Organizational design should take into account both the concentration and integration of scientific research. These structural resource allocations are the irreplaceable value of the institutionalized science research. This article provides a new perspective for research on science and technology policies, and has theoretical and practical reference value for the future reform of China’s science and technology system.

摘要： 现代科学已成为组织化的科学，建制化科研成为科研活动最重要的组成形态。从多角度探讨了“建制化科研”概念提出的必要性，并从历史逻辑、理论逻辑、经验逻辑三个维度探讨建制化科研发展特征。研究发现：科学发展史既是科学知识生产史也是科学建制演进史，科研效率提升是科学建制演化的内在动力。知识生产模式Ⅱ的客观存在并不代表模式Ⅱ优于模式Ⅰ，不能简单地作为科研组织变革的依据。知识创新在学科高度分化与高度整合的双向互动中向前推进，是建制化科研深化的表现。知识体系塑造与之相适应的科研组织方式。知识体系架构中发挥主导作用的知识领域不同，形成建制化科研历史演进的宏观动态性。科研创新不是孤立实现的，需要科学-技术-仪器研制的互动，传统学科与前沿学科相互支撑，科研的专注与整合的有效设计，而这些结构性的配置安排，正是建制化科研不可替代的价值。本文为科技政策研究提供了新的视角，对未来我国科技体制改革具有理论和实践参考价值。