Abstract: After three decades of practice and exploring, the National Natural Science Foundation of China has accumulated successful experiences for the management of the interest-oriented research funding. However, it still needs to further explore the management of organized innovation facing to the nation’s major needs. To lead the scientists to combine the interest-oriented research and the one facing to the nation’s major needs, solving the problem of “stuck neck” in the science and technology, the department of Management Sciences had implemented reforms through launching and management of a series of special projects in recent years. It had explored the mechanism for proposing the scientific questions for the national major needs, i.e. “Six steps”, and the mode for the organized innovation, so that to produce research achievements that could be effectively employed in practice. These serve for the aim of basic research effectively promoting the high-quality development of China.

摘要： 国家自然科学基金经过30多年的实践和探索，在自由探索的组织模式上积累了富有成效的成功经验，但在面向国家重大需求的有组织的创新模式上，还有待于进一步探索。为了引导科学家将源于好奇心的自由探索与国家重大需求紧密结合，破解科技领域“卡脖子”问题，管理科学部通过一系列专项项目的组织实施，积极探索面向国家重大需求的科学问题凝练机制“六个步骤”，探讨有组织的创新模式，助力产生“用得上、用得好”的科研成果，以期推动基础研究更好的服务国家高质量发展的目标。