Abstract: In recent years, China's achievements in the field of science and technology have attracted widespread global attention. In order to more accurately judge China's current international scientific status and clarify the scientific research contributions of major countries around the world, this article adopts bibliometric methods and uses the Web of Science core collection (including SCI-E and SSCI) database to analyze three perspectives: engagement, promotion and leadership. These perspectives are measured using four indicators: Global Research Engagement, Global Research Leadership, Global Research Promotion and Global Research Contribution. A systematic comparative analysis was conducted between China and major countries around the world. The results show that in terms of engagement, the United States has consistently held the top position, and China has the fastest growth rate and has now become the most important player in the world. In terms of promotion, the United States has always maintained a lead, but China has made rapid progress in the past two decades and now competes on par with the United States. The high-quality research results from the United States have attracted widespread attention worldwide, while the high-quality research outcomes in China receive more attention from domestic scholars. In terms of leadership, the United States has long dominated, while China is rapidly catching up though its overall strength is still relatively weak. In terms of overall scientific research contribution, the scientific research status of traditional scientific research powers such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany is still in the leading position, while China's growth momentum is strong. The United States holds the top position across all time periods, reflecting its powerful dominant role in global scientific research. The relative changes in the scientific research contributions of major countries reflect the diversified development trend of each country's status and role in the field of scientific and technological innovation. It also indicates that the global scientific and technological landscape will be further reconstructed in the future, and China is expected to become a major contributor to the world's scientific research. In the past, certain research reports, relying on selectively chosen data, tended to exaggerate China's progress and may have prematurely concluded that China had surpassed the United States. However, there is still a certain gap between China and the United States at present. Given this reality, China should: 1) enhance collaboration in scientific research with other countries and international organizations to promote the sharing of knowledge and technology. 2) increase efforts in cultivating research talent to elevate the overall competence of researchers. 3) raise investment in research funding to support basic research and innovative projects. 4) establish a mechanism for rewarding research achievements to stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of researchers. 5) establishing sound ethical norms for research and reinforcing ethical education for researchers. This study has some limitations: It relied solely on paper data; The research did not conduct a discipline-specific analysis. In future research, exploring a wider array of data types and concentrating on specific disciplines could enhance the precision of evaluating research contributions from different countries.

摘要： 近年来，我国在科技领域取得的成就引起了全球性的广泛关注。为更准确判断我国当前的国际科学地位并明确全球主要国家的科研贡献，该研究采用文献计量学方法，使用Web of Science核心合集（包括SCI-E和SSCI）数据库，从参与、推动和引领等3个视角出发，引入全球科研参与度、全球科研推动度、全球科研引领度和全球科研贡献度等4个指标，对我国和全球主要国家进行了系统的对比分析。结果显示，在全球科研参与度方面，美国长期位居世界第一，我国增速最快，目前已跃升为全球最重要的参与者。在全球科研推动度方面，美国一直保持领先，但我国在20年来进步迅猛，目前也已与美国并驾齐驱。在全球科研引领度方面，美国长期占主导地位，我国正快速追赶，但整体实力依旧相对较弱。从整体科研贡献来看，美国、英国、德国等传统科研强国科研地位依旧领先，但我国增长势头强势。主要国家全球科研贡献度的相对变化反映出各国在科技创新领域的地位和作用呈现出多样化发展态势，也预示着未来全球科研格局将进一步重构，我国有望跃升为全球科研进步的主要贡献者。