Based on Chinese General Social Survey 2013 data, the article studies the impact of media use and information cognitive ability on public’s environmental science knowledge acquisition using regression analysis. The results show that the media use can improve the level of objective environmental knowledge and the subjective environmental knowledge at the same time, and information cognitive ability is the moderator between media use and the objective/subjective environmental knowledge acquisition. Specific media effects analysis shows that traditional media use has significant positive effects on objective/subjective environmental knowledge at the same time, while new media use only has a significant positive correlation with objective environmental knowledge. Among the traditional media, newspaper use has a significantly positive correlation with both objective and subjective environmental knowledge, while magazine use only has a significantly positive correlation with objective environmental knowledge, and radio and television use only have significantly positive correlation with subjective environmental knowledge; among the new media, Internet use has significant positive effects on objective/subjective environmental knowledge at the same time, and cellphone use has no significant correlation with environmental knowledge. The article also discusses the significance of the research findings at the policy level.
This paper aims at studying people’s psychological reaction to haze pollution in Haidian District in Beijing, and taking it for an example, the awareness and attitudes on air pollution are discussed in the general population. It is important to gather the public concern and willingness for the environmental management, because knowing one person well is the precondition of encouraging him very fully. In the paper, a representative survey analysis of citizen views of air pollution is presented, including the perception, emotional reactions, responsibility, governess willingness etc. The result shows that interviewees of Haidian District can not only realize current haze pollution locally but also raise their concern with the constant deterioration of air quality. However, the survey reveals a limited knowledge on disaster mechanism of compound air pollution in general interviewees, which mainly presenting a lower identification to pollutants as well as improper precautionary measures. Although the public’s willingness to improve the air quality is clear, as founded in the survey, the traditional government-led pollution control is still the preferred mode of action for the public.
As early career researchers are pursuers, senior researchers are typically attractors of new collaborative opportunities. Using social network method, we build scientific collaboration network among the National Academy of Sciences members and analyze the strength of cooperation among academicians, which is an important way to understand the evolution relationship of academicians’ collaboration network. In this paper, taking all members of the National Academy of Sciences who are elected as academicians from 2011 to 2015 in biology as an example, using SCI journal papers published by academicians and social network analysis and bibliometric methods, we make quantitative analysis of characteristics of scientific research of weak ties, strong ties and super ties between academicians in scientific research cooperation network. The main results are as follows: weak ties and strong ties are not symmetrical, each academician has at least one strong tie in the scientific research cooperation network, researchers cooperating with distinguished scientists and becoming strong ties with them will accelerate their own scientific research career. Academicians have super ties with each other, the number of co-authored paper between the super ties cooperationship academicians is growing over time, the influence of such papers is higher than papers which are published by academicians who have no super ties relationship between each other. Cooperation research topics show strong consistency and continuity over time and the contribution from both partners is almost equal during their cooperation period.
We explore the network structure of technology in biotechnology industrial clusters and how prior structure affects formation of ties among technologies from a network perspective. We select technology networks in Boston and San Diego from 1976 to 2006 as cases. Based on visualization techniques of networks, we find both clusters have a separate components structure pattern. We also observe a phenomenon of boom and decline of technology during the evolution process. Based on Negative Binomial Regression, we find that core position of global network has a positive relation with formation of ties. Effects of bridge position are different in two clusters. Evolution of clusters is an emerging process.
This paper Used BVD database Zephyr 2006-2014 data, to compile statistics OECD35 member enterprises overseas Merger and Acquisitions' data, to research enterprise acquisitions overseas and home technology progress problems. I draw the conclusion: home country technology progress comes from its stock of human capital, research and development funding and enterprise acquisitions overseas reverse technology spillover effect；Merger and Acquisitions Overseas drive the national technology progress through reverse R&D overflow and reverse way of human capital overflow. Empirical tests that enterprise acquisitions overseas has significant effects on motherland technology progress , human capital and R&D funding set a minimum "threshold" for home enterprise acquisitions overseas. When the number of enterprise acquisitions overseas surpass the minimum "threshold", the R&D of home country investment and human capital stock will function and home country will obtain advanced technology absorption of Mergers and Acquisitions , we define it "assimilation" effect, on the contrary, the number of enterprises overseas Mergers and Acquisitions are under minimum threshold, home country will "reject" to obtain advanced technology absorption of Mergers and Acquisitions. Therefore, the enterprise overseas Mergers and Acquisitions are influenced by home inherent R&D capital stock and human capital stock, there is a threshold effect.
Using the Chinese provincial data, this study establishes the index systems of economic characteristics and analyzes the effect of intellectual property protection on regional economic growth based on the TVP-VAR (Time-Varying Perimeters Vector Auto Regression) Model. The paper discusses the causal relationship and the equilibrium between intellectual property protection and regional economic growth through dynamic regressions. The results show that intellectual property protection, in the developed areas of China, accelerates both regional economic growth and the innovation ability, while inhibits technological innovation capacity in the less and moderately developed regions.
Science and technology entrepreneurship is an important means to promote innovation driven development strategy and promote economic growth, but the mechanism of scientific and technical personnel’s entrepreneurial behavior in different dimensions of institutional environment is still not clear. In this paper, we discuss the relationship of institutional environment, scientific and technical personnel’s entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial behavior under the regulatory, normative, cognitive dimensions and the newly added conducive dimension. Through a research conducted by China Association for Science and Technology, which references 20000 scientific and technical personnel from 27 provinces and municipalities in china, we find that scientific and technical personnel’s entrepreneurial cognition has a positive effect on entrepreneurial behavior. Conducive environment and cognitive environment represented by the number of patents have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial behavior. However, the moderating effect of regulatory environment and normative environment is not significant. Finally, we put forward the optimization measures on the level of nation, region and individual.
The entrepreneurial studies tend to ignore the influence of peer groups at home and abroad. Based on Shaanxi, Chongqing 14 universities in the micro-investigation data, this paper analyzes the peer groups of university graduates entrepreneurial intention. This study shows that：If there were entrepreneurs in the peer groups, college students' entrepreneurial intention is higher; the closer relationships with entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial intention of college graduates is higher; no matter before and after graduated from university five years, the results are very significant. Using parents of peer groups of entrepreneurs as instrumental variable, analysis results show that after removal of endogenous problems, there is causality between peer groups and entrepreneurial intention. Peer groups effect play the role mainly through example effect and knowledge spillover effect.
Based on the method of exploratory single case study, a typical system-transformed scientific research institute-Northwest Institute(Group) for Non-ferrous Metal Research was chosen, which possesses excellent technical innovation performance in rare metal materials industry in China. The path of pursuing simultaneously both exploitative innovation and exploratory innovation in the process of system transformation was studied.The result shows that: organization differentiation in the process of system transformation possesses typical characteristics of structural ambidexterity, spatial separation not only make exploratory innovation more efficient in organic organization of direct subordinate research institutes, but also ensure that exploitative innovation is more efficient in mechanistic organization of holding companies. Both are supported mutually and integrated organically. The Middle-Phase Links, a key step of transformation from exploratory innovation to exploitative innovation, can resolve effectively the technical and financial risks in the process of industrialization and enhance the success rate of transformation of scientific research. Meanwhile, building the dual network of industry-university-research institute can mitigate the dilemma of resource of ambidexterity innovation and improve the its efficiency in system-transformed scientific research institute.
Innovation diffusion has an important and far-reaching impact on the adjustment and transformation of regional industry structure. Based on the method of agent-based simulation, through combining and integrating firm behavior in terms of technology innovation and diffusion at the micro-scale and global industrial structure optimization at the macro-scale, this paper conducts a new analytical framework used to further explore the impact of large sets of heterogeneous firms’ behavior on the evolution of regional industrial structure, and then examine the relationship between innovation diffusion and global industrial structure optimization. Results mainly show that as for China, process innovation is more beneficial to the rational development of industrial structure, and for USA, Japan and Russia, product innovation will be more effective. Moreover, compared to USA, China and Russia, increasing the product innovation scale is helpful for promoting industrial structure towards rationalization in these regions like India, Japan and EU. Furthermore, for these regions like China, Japan, India and EU, with the scale rising, process innovation is conductive to drive the evolution development of these regions’ industrial structure from the relatively inefficient primary industries to the relatively high-efficient secondary or tertiary industries, which would lead to the optimization and upgrading of their industry structure. However, as for USA and Russia, the moderate scale of process innovation would be more useful for them to promote industrial structure optimization. Additionally, research also suggests that the effect of the pattern of different innovation in a region is difference, and more importantly, there are also large differences among regional industry development impacted by the pattern of different innovation. Therefore, differential strategic choice of regional development driven by innovation should be paid more attention in regional economic governance. Also, there may be some matching between dimension of regional industry development and dimension of space of innovation, which could provide important theoretical basis for formulating some policies in terms of global economic governance.
Based on firm level data in Shanghai from year 2008 to 2014, and using Propensity Score Matching method to analyze whether government R&D subsidies can promote the state-owned enterprises and private enterprises of innovation and technological progress, we found that: As for SOEs, R&D subsidies can neither significantly affect the number of patent applications nor significantly affect their total factor productivity; As for private enterprises, R&D subsidies can significantly increase the number of patent applications, but also significantly reduce their total factor productivity. Those reflect that SOEs lack the incentive and have low innovation efficiency, and information asymmetry between the government and firms causes principal-agent problems. Therefore, the government should establish a scientific assessment mechanism and reasonable incentive mechanism in R&D subsidy policy, while to further promote the professional manager system and improve the market mechanism is needed for SOEs.
Abstract: The previous study on cost stickiness mostly focused on its influencing factors, while the exploration of its economic consequences was less, and the cost stickiness was regarded as a disadvantageous factor. Based on resource-based theory and self-organization theory, this paper takes R&D innovation input as the starting point, and concludes that the cost stickiness imposes the demand of resource adjustment on innovation input, and also provides surplus resources support for innovation input, which has a positive impact on R&D investment. In view of this, this paper examines the relationship between cost stickiness and R&D innovation investment in Chinese manufacturing listed firms in 2010-2015. It is found that cost stickiness has a positive effect on R&D investment. The ownership structure and management characteristics have a moderating effect on the above relationship. The dynamics of environment has a contingency effect on the relationship between cost stickiness and firm R&D investment, which affects the ownership structure and the regulation of the role of management characteristics. This result provides a new perspective for the study of the positive economic consequences of cost stickiness and the influencing factors of R&D innovation.
