Abstract: Scientists are an important source of scientific information, discoverers and creators of scientific knowledge, scientific methods and spirit. They play a vital role in spreading accurate information and avoiding scientific fallacies. Therefore, scientists' involvement in science communication is of great research value. However, there have been multiple barriers and problems with scientists' involvement in science communication, both in terms of actual action and existing effectiveness. Based on related international research progress in the field of science communication in the recent years, this paper compares the reality of Chinese scientists and reviews the research landscape of scientists' participation in science communication from three perspectives: the driving factors of scientists' participation, their interaction with the public and social media, and their training in science communication skills. The results show that, at the driving value level, internal factors such as social responsibility, enjoyment drive and external incentive factors jointly as well as external factors such as social acceptance and in-group meaning affect the results of scientists' participation in science communication activities. However, limited time and funding, lack of support from colleagues, and the incomplete evaluation system of science communication are all obstacles that cannot be ignored. Scientists are less motivated to engage in science communication which need to be supported by a strong science and technology management system. At the level of interaction relationship, scientists communicate science through interactions with the public and social media. At the same time, Scientists' popularity, trustworthiness, authority, communication style and the public perception are important factors to affect public cognition of science. However, although scientists have taken the initiative to improve their interaction with the public and have achieved some success, disagreements and lack of cooperation with the media have also made their science communication efforts weak. In terms of capacity improvement, relevant scientific training programs, especially those originated in the Americas, have promoted scientists to improve their skills in science communication. However, on the one hand, the effectiveness evaluation of these projects lacks of unified and effective standards, which leads to many disputes. On the other hand, scholars mostly discuss the viewpoints, backgrounds and training methods of project trainers. In the future, more empirical research needs to be carried out on participation motivation, influencing factors and training effects. In this context, the work of science communication in China is more difficult, and the relevant research progress is lagging behind. Therefore, establishing detailed and feasible supporting policies, dividing the contribution proportion of science communication practice to scientific research, and establishing systematic science ability training programs are all important ways to help Chinese scientists improve the ability and efficiency of science communication. In a word, by looking at the overall picture of scientists' participation in science communication from an international perspective, we can identify the obstacles and shortcomings that they face, which will provide inspiration for improving the current situation of science communication in China.
Science capital is a new academic concept in science education research. This concept focuses on the insufficient science participation of youth from the perspective of social inequality. This paper reviews the evolution of this concept, redefines the broad connotation of science capital from the perspective of science communication and proposes a measurement system of science capital for the general public. We propose that science capital is compatible with the two traditions of science communication research, sociology of science and empirical communication science, focuses on the unequal possession of scientific resources and unequal public participation in science in an empirical way. It provides a theoretical basis for the exploration and application of focus science communication mode.
Basic research plays a key role in technological innovation and social and economic development. It is of great significance to understand the layout of basic research and optimize and adjust the layout in time. Based on the ESI database, four countries including China, the United States, Japan and Germany are analyzed from three aspects: all published papers, Top papers, and basic discipline papers, and discipline weights and polarization indicators are used to reveal the focus and balance of the basic research layout of each country. In terms of the layout focus, China's dominant disciplines are concentrated in the engineering and science categories, and the basic discipline structure is relatively balanced. In comparison, space science and life science are relatively weak. The United States has more dominant disciplines and a more comprehensive layout. The United States, Japan and Germany focus more on the fields of life sciences, medicine, and space sciences. In the past ten years, China’s basic research has developed rapidly, the total weight of disciplines has been increasing, and the degree of polarization has been decreasing. The contribution to the world’s basic research has become greater and greater, and its development has become more and more comprehensive and balanced. The United States still occupies a dominant position, but it is showing a downward trend. In particular, the development of basic disciplines in China has been remarkable in the past five years, and its overall contribution to world science has approached that of the United States. The development pattern of Japan and Germany is basically stable. On the whole, our country has developed relatively rapidly, and the distribution of disciplines is focused, but the balance needs to be further developed. The future development strategy of basic research and basic disciplines should be based on country's actual conditions, taking into account the social and economic needs and the internal logic of discipline development, coordinating the proportions of different disciplines, and optimizing the layout of basic research.
in the field of key core technology, China's optical fiber industry is one of the few industries with comparable achievements of high-speed rail technology. Taking Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company as an example, an analytical framework for the effective integration of government and opportunity window was constructed to reveal and refine the evolution path of technology catching up and surpassing, and realizing independent control of key core technologies of latecomers. The research shows that the government plays an irreplaceable role in making up for the market failure, especially the institutional market created by the government as a key participant drives and leads the enterprise innovation; as an important force representing the national will and realizing the national strategic needs, the state-owned enterprises provide iterative "trial and error" and technological learning for the latecomers. In different stages of technology catching up, facing different technology and market opportunity windows, the implementation of differentiated government intervention strategy, technology strategy and market strategy is the premise and foundation for latecomer enterprises to improve innovation performance. With the establishment of enterprises' technology and market position, the government's intervention intensity has changed from strong to weak, and the role of market mechanism has become stronger.
Theorists generally believe that the crisis that broke out in China's photovoltaic industry from 2008 to 2011 was related to the government's improper industrial promotion policies. However, the "Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Industry" issued by the State Council in 2013 and a series of subsequent supporting measures have effectively reversed the industrial crisis. In order to explore whether the government can improve its industrial regulation ability through "learning by doing", this paper uses the new energy automobile enterprises as the control group to analyze the impact of the new round of industrial regulation on the over-investment and innovation investment of the photovoltaic industry by using the DID method. The results show that the improved supply-side regulation can significantly inhibit the over-investment of the industry and promote the innovation investment of enterprises, but there are also disadvantages such as the solutions of old problems causing new problems, the overall cost of the industry being too high, and private enterprises being frustrated. When the government implements deeply-involved industrial policies, it still has to use market mechanisms and hand over the investment initiative to enterprises, and try to keep policies as stable and predictable as possible.
Abstract: this paper discusses the influence of digital economy on the pattern of urban specialization. In theory, the development of digital economy promotes the change of urban specialization pattern by expanding and increasing the share of non-tradable goods, alleviating the constraints of time and space on economic activities and digital spatial allocation of resources to expand the market scale. Empirically, based on the quasi-natural experiment of "National Smart City" policy, this paper uses the double difference measurement method to identify the impact of digital economy on urban specialization pattern. The results show that digital economy promotes urban employment agglomeration and industrial specialization. From the perspective of center-periphery theory, the promotion of urban specialization and the formation of industrial comparative advantage of digital economy are mainly concentrated in central cities, and the impact on the level of specialization of peripheral cities is not significant. The research of this paper promotes the understanding of the influence of digital economy on economic geography and the acceleration of digital transformation of city government in the era of digital economy.
The integration of digital technology and traditional industries not only introduces breakthrough products and services, but also fundamentally changes the process and modes of industrial innovation. Using V2X technology as a research sample, this article analyzed the generation, development, and selection process of the technological trajectory of the digital economy-related industries, and revealed the process and mechanism of technical standards in the evolution of the technological trajectory. The research results show that the development of V2X technology has gone through three stages: the budding period, the DSRC technology dominance period, and the establishment of the C-V2X technology dominance. Technical standards are important driving forces for the evolution, competition and selection of the V2X technology trajectory. The driving role of standards is mainly achieved through four mechanisms, namely standard application, transformation, guidance and diffusion. The research conclusions have important enlightenment for grasping industrial development opportunities and obtaining new momentum in the development of digital economy.
Emerging in a wave of algorithm is management organization in the digital economy realize the management and the development of high quality excellent choice, toppled the survival state of the organization in the past and the cognition to the traditional management mode, the combination algorithm is the management of the new model can give employees more creativity as a hot topic in academia and industry concern gradually.On the basis of systematically sorting out the related researches of algorithm management, the study first clarified the concept and connotation of algorithm management, and revealed the three major characteristics of organizational work design under the influence of algorithm management, such as automation, dehumanization and opacity.Secondly, from the perspective of job design, a dual-path model of the influence of algorithmic management on employee creativity is proposed based on the job demands-resource model. It is pointed out that algorithmic management can lead to two distinct paths, namely, the "slave path" of controlling employee motivation based on job requirements and then inhibiting creativity.And based on the work resources to stimulate intrinsic motivation of employees to promote the creativity of the "empowerment path";Finally, suggestions for future research in the field of algorithm management are put forward from three aspects: research method, research content and research situation.
The network relationship established between new ventures and other actors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem can help them obtain key resources, develop entrepreneurial opportunities, promote their survival and development. However, the existing studies directly use the characteristics of general entrepreneurial network relationships to measure the network relationships built by new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, seriously ignore the uniqueness of the network relationships in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, and it is more difficult to deeply reveal the role of the network relationships built by new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Therefore, based on the literature analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystem, the paper encodes and analyzes the qualitative interview materials, and deeply analyzes the connotation and dimension of the network relationship characteristic, compiles the initial measurement scale according to the standardized scale development program, and then carries out exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and validity test on the data obtained from the questionnaire survey. The results show that the network relationship of new venture in the entrepreneurial ecosystem has three characteristics: heterogeneity, multiplicity and variability. The final measurement scale has strong stability and reliability, which lays a theoretical foundation and provides the corresponding measurement tool for future studies.
Independent research and development and external search are important ways for technological entrepreneurial enterprises to realize knowledge innovation. Under the premise of resource constraints, technology-based start-ups have a difficult choice between independent R&D mode and external search mode. In order to explain the strategic choice of independent R&D and external search for start-ups with different knowledge structures under the condition of discovering technological opportunities, this article is based on the perspective of resource-opportunity integration, using analysis methods such as hierarchical regression and grouping regression to analyze technology-based start-ups An empirical analysis of the influence process of its independent research and development and external search is carried out on the knowledge base and technological opportunities. The analysis results show that the breadth of a high knowledge base has a significant positive effect on both independent R&D and external search, but there is a significant gap in the impact coefficient. The breadth of the knowledge base has a significantly higher role in promoting independent research and development than it has in promoting external search. The high depth of knowledge base has a significant positive impact on the external search strategy, but the impact on the independent research and development strategy is not significant. Technology opportunities have a significant positive impact on both independent research and development strategies and external search strategies. The match between the breadth of the knowledge base and technological opportunities has a significant positive impact on the choice of independent R&D strategy, but has no significant impact on the external search strategy; the match between the breadth of the knowledge base and technological opportunities has a significant positive impact on the external search strategy, The impact on independent research and development strategy is not significant. Under the condition of identifying technological opportunities, companies with high knowledge base and breadth tend to be independent R&D strategies, while companies with high-tech depth tend to be external search strategies.
With the rapid development of digital technology, continuous digital transformation has become a new phenomenon in the practice field. Continuous digital transformation provides beneficial ideas for accelerated adaptive organizations to win sustainable competitive advantage. Digital capability, as the prerequisite of digital transformation, is vital for enterprises to achieve digital transformation. As an organizational capability, digital capability is the output of resource orchestration mechanism. In the context of the current complex and fast-changing continuous digital transformation, how to adopt appropriate resource orchestration actions to develop digital capability according to the changes of internal and external situations has not been answered by existing studies.
This study explores the evolution mechanism of digital capability in the context of continuous digital transformation from the perspective of resource orchestration. Focus on the following research questions: How the digital capability evolves in the context of continuous digital transformation? How to build and develop digital capability through resource orchestration? This study adopts a longitudinal case study approach which is suitable to extend the existing theory and generate new theoretical insights. Given the research question, theoretical sampling is employed when selecting the sample, thus the CredEx Fintech which is a new technology-based venture with continuous digital transformation practice is selected as the sample. The data encoding method is utilised to analyze and theorize the data.
The research results show that: (1) In the context of continuous digital transformation from product digitalization transformation to DT(Digital Technology) productization transformation, the digital capability evolves from intelligence technology capability to technology reuse capability. (2) Resource orchestration evolves from integrated resource construction and self-consistent resource coordination to decoupled resource construction and transferred resource coordination. (3) Integrated resource construction and self-consistent resource coordination exert short-term resource reconstruction effect and innovation iteration effect respectively to form intelligence technology capability, while decoupled resource construction and transferred resource coordination exert module coupling effect and migration exogenous effect respectively to form technology reuse capability.
This study proposes a development process model of digital capability in the context of continuous digital transformation, and clarifies the antecedent, effect mechanism and advancement path of digital capability. Theoretical contributions are as follows. First, this study focuses on continuous digital transformation which is an important research situation, develops the process model based on “resource orchestration—effect mechanism—digital ability” to explain the dynamic evolution mechanism of the digital ability, bridging the gap in the research of antecedent and dynamics of digital capability. Second, the special attributes of the new digital resource create more research opportunity for the resource orchestration theory. This study discusses the evolution pattern of digital resource orchestration in the context of continuous digital transformation, which contributes to the new resource orchestration theory in digital economy. Third, the study builds up the research framework of “resource construction—resource coordination—capability building” to further clarify the internal relationship between resource and capability and discusses the generation and advancement mechanism of digital capability, which deepen the research taking the resource orchestration as capability output mechanism. Moreover, this study provides management enlightenment for how enterprises construct and develop digital capability in the digital economy era.
Abstract: Under the background of the new normal of economy, China's economic development is changing from scale expansion to quality improvement. Improving technological innovation ability is the key to high-quality economic development, while transaction efficiency is an important factor affecting the division of labor evolution and economic development, and the three are closely related. This paper takes 283 prefecture-level cities in China as the research objects and uses panel data to study the impact of urban technological innovation ability on the economic development and the specific changes of this impact under different transaction efficiency. The following conclusions can be drawn: The ability of technological innovation in cities has a significant positive effect on the economic development, and the ability of technological innovation can play a more effective role in cities with high transaction efficiency. In order to promote high-quality economic development, it is necessary to encourage and deepen technological innovation, properly handle the relationship between the two and transaction efficiency, strive to improve the efficiency of urban transactions, and give full play to the catalytic role of transaction efficiency.
With the rise of urban agglomerations and the diffusion of innovation, city cluster-scale innovation systems have recently emerged. As a result, how local governments achieve effective cooperative governance around innovation also poses new challenges to theories on regional innovation. A total of 12 National Innovation Demonstration Zones (NIDZs) have conducted unique Chinese practices of great relevance and academic value to this problem that has not been explained by existing research. This paper attempts to summarize the model of intergovernmental cooperative governance and its characteristics in the NIDZs based on interlocal agreements, combined with cooperative network analysis and content analysis. It is found that three types of network governance models, NAO, NLO and SG, have been formed among local governments based on the scale of cooperation, basis of cooperation, superior involvement and functional arrangement, etc. Based on different resource endowments and innovation conditions, there are two different cooperation orientations of science or industry. And different cooperation models have different advantages and shortcomings in terms of competition, depth and density of cooperation. At last, the practice of NIDZs in intergovernmental cooperative governance has enriched and expanded the existing regional innovation theory. And further promoting innovation integration in the future will also require balancing the fourfold tension between science and industry, policy goals and policy tools, competition and cooperation, and function and coordination.
This paper uses the non-radial, variable return to scale Super-SBM model to measure the efficiency of China’s industrial green innovation from 2005 to 2019, and analyzes its temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics using global and local Moran indices, and further explores its dynamic transition type and path. The research results show that the overall green innovation efficiency of China's industry is on a wave-shaped upward trend, but there are large differences in time and space. The provinces with high-high (H-H) agglomeration and low-low (L-L) agglomeration are mostly in the eastward direction. The stepped distribution law of the west gradually decreases; the temporal-spatial transition type exhibits a high degree of spatial stability, and the temporal-spatial evolution has a strong path dependence characteristic. The research conclusions of this paper are helpful to clarify the spatial differentiation characteristics and dynamic evolution laws of my country's industrial green innovation efficiency, and then provide useful enlightenment for the promotion of regional innovation drive and the implementation of green development strategies.
In order to uncover the micro mechanism of innovation catalyst, this paper analyze the routines replication and effect on the catalyst of innovation, and further analyze the mediating effect of resources bricolage and the moderated effect of divisive faultlines. The results show that: The key enabling conditions of innovation catalyst is routines replication in technology innovation network, the conventional/ flexible routines replication have significant positive effect on the catalyst of innovation based on the different co-creation ability. As the network behavior preferences of routines replication, resources bricolage has different meditative effects between routines replication and the catalyst of innovation. The selective bricolage has partial mediating effect on conventional routines replication and innovation catalyst, while the parallel bricolage has partial mediating effect on flexible routines replication and innovation catalyst. The divisive faultlines has negative moderates effect between selective bricolage and the catalyst of innovation, and inhibit the meditative effect of selective bricolage. There exist moderated mediation effects. The divisive faultlines doesn't have any effect on parallel bricolage and the catalyst of innovation, neither nor the meditative effect of parallel bricolage. This research extends the theory of innovation catalyst based on the view of co-creation in technology innovation network, which has important practical implications to construct the innovation ecosystem for collaboration between earlier-developing firms and latecomer firms.
