Abstract: Precision medicine poses ethical supervision challenges in four aspects: data security and sharing, privacy protection, operational procedures and supervision norms of clinical applications, and genetic counseling. Taking genetic testing as an example, this study uses the method of document analysis to analyze the gap between the current situation of policies and regulations of genetic testing’s ethical supervision in China and the inherent requirements of precision medicine’s ethical supervision. Based on the results of document analysis, this study proposes to deal with the challenges brought by ethical supervision of precision medicine, the ethical supervision of genetic testing in China should first be appropriately extended and revised on the basis of existing policies and regulations, then focus on the adaptability, flexibility, and sensitivity of ethical supervision’s policies and regulations on genetic testing, and strengthen precision medical ethics training for relevant practitioners.