Abstract: There is already an extensive discussion in the literature on the government-led supply mode for core technologies in the new national system. However, there still needs to be more discussion on the supply of core technologies in market-oriented industries. This research analyzes how the lithography equipment manufacturer ASML in the Netherlands achieves breakthroughs in the core technology of the lithography industry through an innovative ecosystem, serving as a typical case study. The study finds that companies should build dynamic and long-term value propositions in developing core technology in the industry and play a leading role in technology selection and layout. When constructing market-oriented innovation ecosystems, core companies need to focus on non-mainstream user needs, deeply integrate with mainstream users, drive the growth of complementary parties, participate in non-profit alliance organizations, and create an excellent competitive and cooperative environment. This research proposes an innovative mode of market-oriented core technology in the industry based on the innovation ecosystem, which provides practical experience for companies to play the role of innovation leaders and provides a reference for constructing a government-market collaborative supply mode.