关键词: 李约瑟之谜, 科技进步, 制度变迁, 资源禀赋, 意识形态, the Needham Puzzle, Science and Technology Progress, Institutional Change, Resource Endowment, ideology

Abstract: Science and technology progress is decided by both its conventional development and institutional innovation impact. The rate of conventional technological progress is relatively fixed, and mainly relies on a country's population size. The institutional innovation leads to institutional change which determines the rate of acceleration of science and technology progress. This is a mechanism for technological development. China's geographical endowments, the unified pattern and Confucian ideology interacted and codetermined China's larger population, for which China has a faster speed of conventional technological development than European countries. Meanwhile, by the size of the population, technological progress, the level of the system, ideology, China had a faster institutional progress and technological progress in the early stages, and lagged behind gradually both in institutional transition and science and technology progress later with the arrival of two turning point of China-EU scientific and technological development.