Abstract: Matching the data of Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and China’s Customs Database during 2000-2006, using the Kaplan-Meier survival, hazard function model and Cox survival model, this paper verifies the hypothesis that financial constraints affect the survival likelihood of R&D firms: the survival likelihood of Chinese R&D firms will be increased by relieving firm’s external or internal financing constraints. The robustness tests of Weibull model show that: (1)the positive effect of improving internal financing constraints to firm’s survival likelihood does exist in firms of different scales, but only large and medium-scale firms can increase survival likelihood by relieving external financing constraints. (2)the positive effect of improving financial constraints to firm’s survival likelihood does exist in areas that develop better on financing, but this effect does not exist in other areas significantly. Therefore, Chinese R&D firms with higher level of financing capability will survive longer. This paper provides a new inspiration for Chinese R&D firms to increase survival likelihood.